Download Typical” Animal Cell “

The Cell Theory
• The cell is the basic unit of structure and
function (a.k.a. – life)
• All living things are made up of 1 or more cells
• Cells come from other, preexisting cells (a.k.a.
– reproduction)
Scientists Involved in the
Cell Theory
1. Hooke
• 1st person to describe cells. Built microscope in 1665.
2. Van Leeuwenhoek
• Discovered the diversity of cells 1673.
3. Schleiden and Schwann (1838-1839)
• All organisms are made of one or more cells.
• The cell is the basic unit of all living things.
4. Later (1858) Virchow added
• All cells come from existing cells.
What is a cell?
• It is the smallest unit of life that
carries out life functions
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Two Types of Cells
•Prokaryotic
•Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
• Do not have
structures
surrounded by
membranes
• Few internal
structures
• One-celled
organisms, Bacteria
Eukaryotic
• Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
• Most living organisms
Plant Cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html
Animal Cell
Typical” Animal Cell
“Typical” Plant Cell
What’s Inside?
• Organelles
– tiny structures within a cell that perform
specific jobs to keep the cell alive
Cytoplasm - gel-like material inside cells
Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane - protects cell and gives it shape
and controls what enters and leaves the cell.
Cell
Membrane
Nucleus - directs cell activities (brain)
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - movement of
materials throughout cell
ER
Ribosome - makes proteins
Ribosomes
Mitochondria - the powerhouse of the cell
(converts food into energy for the cell)
Mitochondria
Chromatin/Chromosomes (DNA) - contains
genetic information (inside the nucleus)
Chromatin
Chloroplast - takes energy from the sun and
makes food for the PLANT cell (not found in
Animal Cells)
Chloroplast
Cell Wall - supports and protects PLANT cells
(not found in animal cells)
Cell Wall
Vacuole - storage of food and water
Vacuole
Golgi Body - packages and moves proteins
Golgi
Body
Lysosome - digests wastes
Lysosome