Download Genetics - Bill Nye ANSWERS

GENETICS….
ANSWERS
Gregor Mendel lived in what modern day country? Czech Republic
Name the 2 types of factors determining inherited characteristics: dominant and recessive genes
Where are genes located? Chromosomes
Drosophila melangaster is the scientific name (Genus species) of the common fruit fly.
Mendel’s ‘factors’ are now called genes.
Human females have 2 X chromosomes; males have one X and one Y chromosome.
Hemophilia is a ‘sex-linked’ disease, because it is caused by a defective gene on an X chromosome.
What organism did Barbara McClintock study? corn
Transposons are jumping genes.
Viruses are made up of 2 things. What are they? Protein shell (caspid) and DNA
Hershey and Chase studied bacteriophage viruses and found that genetic material is located in
nucleus and not cytoplasm.
DNA is composed of 4 bases. What are they? Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
DNA is a double helix.
DNA bases are held together by hydrogen bonds.
DNA is responsible for making proteins.
RNA is similar to DNA, but its different. What’s different? RNA only has one strand.
There are 20 amino acids that make up proteins.
Name the 2 scientists that discovered the double helix. Watson and Crick
How many bases align in a sequence to code for a specific amino acid? 3
Bacteria resistant to viruses cut up viral DNA using restriction enzymes.
Restriction enzymes, so called genetic scissors, led to the development of recombinant DNA which is used to
make drugs, insulin and other medicines.
DNA fingerprinting was first used to ID a boy from Ghana in Africa.
The sequencing of our entire human genetic sequence is called the human genonme.
About how many genes make up the human genome? 26,000.