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Cell Organelles
Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Parts
•
Cells – the basic unit of
life
•
Organelles – small
structures inside a cell
with specific functions
Analogy – City of Concord
Cell Membrane
•
FUNCTION – allows food,
oxygen & water into the
cell and waste out of
the cell – the protective
layer
•
STRUCTURE – two layers
of phospholipids,
proteins
Analogy – Concord City Limits
Cytoplasm
•
FUNCTION – all cell
contents that lie
between the cell
membrane and the
nucleus
•
STRUCTURE – gelatinlike fluid inside
membrane
Analogy – All air, water, life that are in Concord
Nucleus
•
FUNCTION – “Control
Center” – regulates DNA
and directs all cell
activity
•
STRUCTURE – membrane
bound, contains DNA,
usually largest organelle
Analogy – City Hall
Nuclear Envelope
•
FUNCTION – Regulates
what enters or exits the
nucleus
•
STRUCTURE – double
layer of lipids
Analogy – Walls & Doors of City Hall
DNA – Deoxynucleic Acid
•
•
FUNCTION – information on
how to make proteins
• Chomatin – unorganized
DNA (normal state)
• Chomosomes – organized
DNA (present before cell
division)
STRUCTURE – made up of
nucleotides, locked in the
nucleus
Analogy – The Laws or City Code
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
•
•
FUNCTION – transportation
route for proteins
•
Rough ER – has ribosomes
•
Smooth ER – no
ribosomes
STRUCTURE – folded
membranes; like a conveyor
belt
Analogy – Roads & Sidewalks
Ribosomes
•
FUNCTION – makes
proteins
•
STRUCTURE – small
circular organelles
attached to the ER or
float freely
Analogy – Restaurants, Factories, Builders
Vacuoles
•
FUNCTION – storage for
water, nutrients or
waste
•
STRUCTURE – small
membrane-bound
organelle
Analogy – Grocery Stores, Water Tanks
Lysosomes
•
FUNCTION – packets of
digestive enzymes that
break down food,
waste, cell parts, and
foreign invaders in a
cell
•
STRUCTURE – small
membrane-bound
organelles; mostly in
animal cells
Analogy – Recycling Center
Mitochondria
•
FUNCTION – produce
energy for the cell – site
of cellular respiration.
“The Powerhouse”.
Break down food to
make & release energy
•
STRUCTURE – double
membrane-bound,
kidney shaped
Analogy – Duke Energy
Golgi
Apparatus/Complex
•
FUNCTION – packages,
labels, sorts and ships
protein out of the cell
•
STRUCTURE – pancakeshaped layered
organelle, stacked
flattened membranes
Analogy – Post Office
Cytoskeleton
•
•
FUNCTION – provide
support and structure
for the cell
•
Microfilaments
•
Microtubules
STRUCTURE – tubules
Analogy – Wood, cement, steel beams
Centrioles
•
FUNCTION –
microtubules that help
divide the cell during
cell division (animals
ONLY)
•
STRUCTURE – tubules
Analogy – Concord Middle vs. Mt. Pleasant
Chloroplasts
•
FUNCTION – site of
photosynthesis
(converting sun and CO2
into sugar (food)) –
plants ONLY
•
STRUCTURE –
membrane-bound
organelles that contain
chlorophyll
Analogy – Solar Panels
Cell Wall
•
FUNCTION – provides
support for the cell and
the plant
•
STRUCTURE – rigid
structure, provides
support; made of
cellulose
Analogy – Ground, Rock Wall
Cilia & Flagella
•
FUNCTION – provides
movement for the cell
or objects moving by
the cell
•
STRUCTURE
•
Flagella – 1 long
fiber
•
Cilia – many short
fibers
Analogy – Cars or bicycles
Cell Parts Analogy
•
Create an analogy (besides the city analogy) for the cell
and its parts
•
Possible ideas
•
Stadium
•
School
•
Country
•
Restaurant
•
House
•
Mall
•
Waterpark
Group Project
•
Group 1 (Kasey, Ayden, Jack,
Nicholas)
•
•
•
Decide what you want your analogy
to be
Place the picture of the cell in the
center of poster
Find pictures of the things that
each organelle represents
•
Group 2 (Sammy, Robert, Caleb)
•
Decide what you want your analogy
to be
•
Place the picture of the cell in the
center of poster
•
Find pictures of the things that
each organelle represents