Download Ch. 7 Cell Structure and Function Review Name Biology Date

Ch. 7 Cell Structure and Function Review
Biology
Name _____________________
Date _____________________
Period __________
Matching: Match the description with the letter of the correct term. Use CAPITAL letters.
_____1. uses light to produce a magnified image
_____2. modifies proteins prior to shipment out of
the cell
_____3. when an image appears larger
_____4. measure of clarity
_____5. uses electrons to magnify the surface of a
cell
_____6. regulates what enters and leaves a cell
_____7. protrudes from cell’s surface and allows
movement
_____8. all living things are made of one or more
cells
_____9. converts hydrogen peroxide into water
and oxygen
_____10. produces three dimensional images of
living organisms
_____11. structure on which proteins are made
_____12. organism whose cells each have a
nucleus
_____13. houses the cell’s DNA
_____14. carries out specific activities
A. light microscope
B. scanning electron
microscope
C. cell theory
D. eukaryote
E. prokaryote
F. resolution
G. nucleus
H. mitochondria
I. phospholipid
J. cell wall
K. cilia
L. flagella
M. plasma membrane
N. magnification
O. chloroplast
P. ribosome
Q. DNA
R. cytoplasm
S. organelle
T. transmission electron
microscope
U. Golgi apparatus
V. central vacuole
W. peroxisome
X. lysosome
_____15. hair-like structures
_____16. interior of the cell
_____17. has a polar “head” and nonpolar “tails”
_____18. single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus
_____19. converts solar energy into chemical energy in the bonds of sugars
_____20. may store water, pigments, or toxins
_____21. provides support and protection for plant cells
Identification of Structure and/or Function
22. What type of cell is displayed in figure 1?
_____________________________________
G
23. Identify the labeled parts of this cell:
A ___________________________________
F
A
B ___________________________________
B
C ___________________________________
C
D ___________________________________
E ___________________________________
D
F ___________________________________
A
H
E
G ___________________________________
H ___________________________________
*Make sure you know the function of each part.
D
24. What type of cell is displayed in figure 2?
_____________________________________
C
E
F
G
H
B
I
J
K
L
25. Describe the function of the labeled parts of
this cell:
M
A
Figure 2
A _________________________________________________________________________
B _________________________________________________________________________
C _________________________________________________________________________
D _________________________________________________________________________
E _________________________________________________________________________
F _________________________________________________________________________
G _________________________________________________________________________
H _________________________________________________________________________
I __________________________________________________________________________
J _________________________________________________________________________
K ___________________________________________________________________
L ___________________________________________________________________
M ___________________________________________________________________
26. What type of cell is displayed in figure 3?
N
_____________________________________
M
A
L
27. Identify the labeled parts of this cell:
A ___________________________________
K
B ___________________________________
B
CC1
J
CC2
C1 __________________________________
C2 __________________________________
D
D ___________________________________
E
E ___________________________________
F ___________________________________
G ___________________________________
F
H ___________________________________
I
G
H
I ___________________________________
J ___________________________________
K ___________________________________
Figure 3
L ___________________________________
M ___________________________________
N ___________________________________
28. Describe the function of the following cell parts in figure 3.
F ____________________________________________________________________________
I _____________________________________________________________________________
K ____________________________________________________________________________
N ____________________________________________________________________________
Multiple Choice: Read each question and circle the one best answer.
29. The surface area to volume ratio of a small cell is
a. greater than that of a larger cell.
d. not affected by the cell’s size.
b. less than that of a larger cell.
e. all of the above.
c. equal to that of a larger cell.
30. As a cell becomes larger, its surface area to volume ratio
a. increases
d. becomes less important
b. decreases
e. triples
c. stays the same
31. Despite differences in size and shape, all cells have cytoplasm and
a. Cell wall
c. Mitochondrion
b. Cell membrane
d. Nucleus
32. Which of the following would you NOT find in a bacterial cell?
a. DNA
d. ribosomes
b. cell membrane
e. all are found in a bacterial cell
c. Golgi apparatus
32. Which of the following structures are found in plant cells but not animal cells?
a. large central vacuole, chloroplasts, and cell wall
b. large central vacuole, chloroplasts, and centrioles
c. mitochondria, chloroplasts, and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. mitochondria, centrioles, and cell walls
e. centrioles and mitochondria
33. Which of these organelles carries out cellular respiration?
a. chloroplast
d. mitochondria
b. rough ER
e. ribosome
c. chromatin
34. Which one of the following correctly pairs a plant cell structure with its function?
a. Centrioles are hollow rods that shape and support a plant cell.
b. The central vacuole consists of membranous sacs important in lipid synthesis
and drug detoxification.
c. Mitochondria contain most of the genes that control the cell.
d. Microfilaments are thin, solid protein rods involved in cell shape.
e. Ribosomal subunits are made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
35. A certain cell has mitochondria, ribosomes, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum,
and other parts. Based on this information, it could not be _____.
a. a bacterium
d. a cell from a pine tree
b. a yeast (fungus) cell
e. it could be any of the above
c. a grasshopper cell
36. To enter or leave a cell, substances must pass through _____.
a. a microtubule
d. the nucleus
b. the Golgi apparatus
e. the plasma membrane
c. a ribosome
37. A plant cell was grown in a test tube containing radioactive nucleotides, the parts from
which DNA is built. Later examination of the cell showed the radioactivity to be
concentrated in the _____.
a. rough endoplasmic reticulum
d. central vacuole
b. lysosome
e. nucleus
c. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
38. You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____.
a. make a lot of ATP
d. perform photosynthesis
b. secrete a lot of material
e. store large quantities of food
c. move actively
39. A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein used to build a cell's
plasma membrane. The final protein in the plasma membrane was slightly different from
the protein made by the ER. The protein was probably altered in the _____.
a. Golgi apparatus
c. mitochondrion
b. smooth endoplasmic
d. nucleus
reticulum
e. chloroplast
32. Which one of the following is the most likely consequence for a cell lacking functional
lysosomes?
a. The cell is unable to grow to a mature size and always remains small.
b. The cell is unable to reproduce itself.
c. The cell dies because its ATP-synthesizing mechanisms are missing.
d. The cell becomes crowded with undegraded wastes.
e. The cell dies from a lack of enzymes to mediate metabolic reactions.
40. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that they both _____; they are different in that
chloroplasts, but not mitochondria, _____.
a. have many internal membranes that increase their internal surface area ... are
found in plants
b. have an internal arrangement of microtubules ... also have centrioles
c. deal with energy transformations ... are found only in eukaryotes
d. have an inner membrane and outer membrane ... carry out photosynthesis
e. have a double membrane ... contain DNA
41. The small dense region in the nucleus where assembly of ribosomes begins is called the
a. Nucleolus
c. Nuclear envelope
b. Chloroplast
d. Vacuole
42. The distinct, threadlike structures that contain the genetic information of the cell are called
a. Microtubules
c. Protein
b. Chromosomes
d. Mitochondrion
43. Which organelle converts the chemical energy in the bonds of food into a form of energy
the cell can use?
a. Nucleolus
c. Micochondrion
b. Chromatin
d. Chloroplast
44. List the 3 principles of the cell theory:
(1) _______________________________________________________________
(2) _______________________________________________________________
(3) _______________________________________________________________
45. List the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.