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Section 1.3
Name:
Opening Activity: What is the enzyme that adds new nucleotides to a DNA template during replication,
thus creating two new complete strands of DNA?
Latin Root Word:
Review of Old Information: DNA molecule.
New Information
Image of Protein Synthesis:
RNA: pages 190-192
• Like DNA, RNA is made up of repeating __________________. However, RNA differs from DNA in
that it contains the sugar ____________________ instead of _____________________. The
second difference is that RNA has the nitrogen base _______________ (U) instead of
_______________ (T). Uracil always pairs with _______________ (A), while cytosine (C) will
still always pair with ______________ (g).
• There are three types of RNA that work together to produce proteins:
o RNA that is in the form of a single, uncoiled chain and carries the genetic information from
the nucleus to the cytoplasm is called _______________ RNA, and is abbreviated ______.
o The most abundant form of RNA and the sites where proteins are made are known as
_______________ RNA, abbreviated ______.
o RNA that consists of a single chain with a hairpin shape that binds to specific amino acids is
known as _______________ RNA, abbreviated ______.
• In order to prepare for protein synthesis in the cytoplasm, DNA must copy its genetic instructions
into messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. This process is known as ____________________ (see
Figure 10-7 on page 191).
Transcription:
• Transcription begins when the enzyme __________ __________ synthesizes RNA copies of
specific DNA sequences. It initiates when RNA binds to a portion of DNA called the
_______________ region. These “promoter” regions mark the beginning of a single, specific gene
(i.e. segment of DNA) that codes for a particular chromosome. The RNA polymerase will add in the
complementary base pair nucleotides until it reaches a region of DNA called the _______________
_______________. All __________ types of RNA are transcribed in this process.
• Following transcription, the __________ moves through the pores of the nuclear membrane into
the cytosol of the cell, where it will direct the synthesis of proteins.
Image retrieved from: http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/media/translation.gif
Name: _______________________ Row: _______
Date:_____________ Period:______
Activity:
Protein Synthesis Worksheet
Directions:
1st Fill in the complimentary DNA strand using DNA base pairing rules.
2nd Fill in the correct mRNA bases by transcribing the bottom DNA code.
3rd Translate the mRNA codons and find the correct amino acid using the Codon Table
4th Write in the amino acid and the correct anti-codon the tRNA molecule.
5th The answer to the questions about protein synthesis below the amino acids.
A
T
G
G
T
A
G
C
T
A
A
C
C
T
T
C
G
A
T
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. mRNA is synthesized in translation or transcription?
6. mRNA has codon or anti-codons?
C
A
G
G
A
A
T
T
G
C
T
7.
8.
9.
10.
© Lesson Plans Inc. 2007