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Download Name: DUE Date: ______ ____ period Chapter 17: From Gene to
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Name: _______________________________________________________ ____ period Directions: 1. DUE Date: ________ Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein Read the assigned chapter in the book and complete the directed reading guide. For your own benefit please do not leave this assignment until the night before it its due. This is an individual assignment, as such, it is expected that all work on this will be your own. How did diseases involving metabolic pathways lead to hypotheses about the nature of genes? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 3. Identify some genetic diseases that occur along metabolic pathways. a. _________________________________________ b. _________________________________________ c. _________________________________________ What was Beadle and Tatum’s hypothesis regarding enzymes? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. How has that hypothesis been modified? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. What occurs during transcription? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What occurs during translation? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. How does the protein process differ in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. What is the genetic code? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Why is the genetic code said to be universal? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. List several features about the genetic code. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. Give an example of what happens if reading frames are altered? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. List the highlights of the three stages of transcription. a. Initiation ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. Elongation ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ c. Termination ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. What happens to the transcript RNA before it leaves the nucleus? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. What is the advantage of the 5’ cap and poly A tail? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Distinguish between exons and introns. In addition to your written explanation draw a diagram to help deepen your understanding. Explanation Diagram Exon Intron 16. Describe the mechanism for splicing RNA. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. What does alternative RNA processing do for cells? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 18. Identify the roles of the players of the translation process. a. Transfer RNA ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ c. Ribosomes ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 19. Identify and briefly describe the steps of translation. a. Initiation ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. Elongation ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ c. Termination ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 20. What is the advantage of polyribosomes? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 21. Give an example of how a polypeptide gets into the ER for additional processing. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 22. How does protein synthesis differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 23. Define point mutations. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 24. Define mutations that are: a. Missense ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. Nonsense ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ c. Insertion ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ d. Deletion ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Use the diagram to trace the flow of chemical information from the gene to the protein product. Exceeds Standard All questions in the directed reading guide are completed and correct. Directed Reading Guide Rubric Meets Standard Approaches Standard The directed reading guide is All questions in the directed at least 75% complete. reading guide completed. One or or two answers are incorrect. More than a few answers are incorrect. Does Not Meet Standard The directed reading guide is less than 75% complete.