Carnitine metabolism and biosynthesis in yeast Saccharomyces
... metabolisation of in particular peroxisomally generated acetyl-CoA. This cycle results in the net production of succinate from two molecules of acetyl-CoA. This dicarboxylic acid can then enter the mitochondria for further metabolism. Partial disruption of the glyoxylate cycle, by deletion of the ci ...
... metabolisation of in particular peroxisomally generated acetyl-CoA. This cycle results in the net production of succinate from two molecules of acetyl-CoA. This dicarboxylic acid can then enter the mitochondria for further metabolism. Partial disruption of the glyoxylate cycle, by deletion of the ci ...
Microbiology
... Seim, 1998). Carnitine and acylcarnitines are primarily absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine, where they are actively transported into enterocytes and diffuse past the serosal membrane into the circulatory system so they can then be transported into all other cells (Marciani et al., 1991; ...
... Seim, 1998). Carnitine and acylcarnitines are primarily absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine, where they are actively transported into enterocytes and diffuse past the serosal membrane into the circulatory system so they can then be transported into all other cells (Marciani et al., 1991; ...
Biomimetic Reactions Catalyzed by Cyclodextrins and
... Cyclodextrins are extremely attractive components of artificial enzymes and other biomimetic materials. They are readily available, they bind hydrophobic substrates into their cavities in water solution, and they have two rims of hydroxyl groups (Figure 1) that can either react with substrates thems ...
... Cyclodextrins are extremely attractive components of artificial enzymes and other biomimetic materials. They are readily available, they bind hydrophobic substrates into their cavities in water solution, and they have two rims of hydroxyl groups (Figure 1) that can either react with substrates thems ...
Evidence of separate pathways for lactate uptake and release by the
... and same buffer collected after passing through the heart (B). In this example, the palmitate concentration was 0.32 mM. Note that doublet centered on 1.3 ppm is from unlabeled lactate, i.e., [3-12C]lactate and the pair of doublets at ⬃1.43 and 1.16 ppm are from [3-13C]lactate. Therefore, the ratio ...
... and same buffer collected after passing through the heart (B). In this example, the palmitate concentration was 0.32 mM. Note that doublet centered on 1.3 ppm is from unlabeled lactate, i.e., [3-12C]lactate and the pair of doublets at ⬃1.43 and 1.16 ppm are from [3-13C]lactate. Therefore, the ratio ...
EFFECTS OF BIOREACTOR OPERATION PARAMETERS ON
... 2.4 The major macronutrient elements, their physiological functions, growth requirements and common sources................................................... 21 2.5 Parameter values for the emprical correlation of KLa............................... 29 3.1 The composition of the solid medium for Bac ...
... 2.4 The major macronutrient elements, their physiological functions, growth requirements and common sources................................................... 21 2.5 Parameter values for the emprical correlation of KLa............................... 29 3.1 The composition of the solid medium for Bac ...
The metabolic responses of high intensity intermittent exercise in
... This thesis provided novel information regarding energy loss associated with high intensity exercise, in particular HIIE, via excretion of lactate, a metabolite that may contribute to energy balance but has never before been accounted for the energy balance equation following intense exercise. Furth ...
... This thesis provided novel information regarding energy loss associated with high intensity exercise, in particular HIIE, via excretion of lactate, a metabolite that may contribute to energy balance but has never before been accounted for the energy balance equation following intense exercise. Furth ...
Lactic acidosis - Medical School
... hospital course was complicated by a recurrence of pulmonary infiltrates, worsening dyspnea, disabling cough, severe inanition, myoclonus and tremors, abnormal liver function tests, hyponatremia, and hostility and depression. Multiple cultures, including bone marrow, revealed only Candida albicans i ...
... hospital course was complicated by a recurrence of pulmonary infiltrates, worsening dyspnea, disabling cough, severe inanition, myoclonus and tremors, abnormal liver function tests, hyponatremia, and hostility and depression. Multiple cultures, including bone marrow, revealed only Candida albicans i ...
STUDIES ON THE CHLORAMPHENICOL HALOGENASE CmlS
... for the regio- and stereoselective incorporation of halogens into natural products. These enzymes require FAD, O2, NADH, and a flavin reductase to perform catalysis. The majority of these enzymes are observed to catalyze the halogenation of aromatic substrates. CmlS is a unique member of the flavin- ...
... for the regio- and stereoselective incorporation of halogens into natural products. These enzymes require FAD, O2, NADH, and a flavin reductase to perform catalysis. The majority of these enzymes are observed to catalyze the halogenation of aromatic substrates. CmlS is a unique member of the flavin- ...
Latex Allergy - HealthStream
... • Do not use any latex products, including latex cleaning gloves, in the patient’s room. • Before entering the patient’s room, remove latex gloves. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water to remove any glove powder or residue. Otherwise, the powder or residue could trigger a reaction in the patien ...
... • Do not use any latex products, including latex cleaning gloves, in the patient’s room. • Before entering the patient’s room, remove latex gloves. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water to remove any glove powder or residue. Otherwise, the powder or residue could trigger a reaction in the patien ...
Midazolam Oxidation by Cytochrome P450 3A4 and Active
... different KM values for the formation of 1⬘-OH MDZ compared with 4-OH MDZ by CYP3A4. Production of the two metabolites has also been reported to be stimulated/inhibited differentially by various compounds. Thus, whereas the presence of ANF stimulated 1⬘-OH MDZ formation, 4-OH MDZ formation was decre ...
... different KM values for the formation of 1⬘-OH MDZ compared with 4-OH MDZ by CYP3A4. Production of the two metabolites has also been reported to be stimulated/inhibited differentially by various compounds. Thus, whereas the presence of ANF stimulated 1⬘-OH MDZ formation, 4-OH MDZ formation was decre ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... realized as early as 1903 [37]! It is a remarkable observation that in biotransformations, kinetic resolutions outnumber desymmetrization reactions by about 1:4, which is presumably due to the fact that there are many more racemic compounds possible as opposed to prochiral and meso-analogs [38]. The ...
... realized as early as 1903 [37]! It is a remarkable observation that in biotransformations, kinetic resolutions outnumber desymmetrization reactions by about 1:4, which is presumably due to the fact that there are many more racemic compounds possible as opposed to prochiral and meso-analogs [38]. The ...
Tryptophan and the kynurenine pathway in chronic renal failure patients... dialysis by
... kynurenine, two neuroactive metabolites of the kynurenine pathway are, in chronic renal failure patients, considered as uraemic toxins. Related research is generally hampered by the non-availability of relevant analytical techniques. The primary aim of this study was, therefore, to develop and valid ...
... kynurenine, two neuroactive metabolites of the kynurenine pathway are, in chronic renal failure patients, considered as uraemic toxins. Related research is generally hampered by the non-availability of relevant analytical techniques. The primary aim of this study was, therefore, to develop and valid ...
Text S1: General Metabolism
... anaerobic electron acceptor preferred by Escherichia coli. However, both Xenorhabdus spp. encode fumarate reductase that should allow fumarate to serve as an electron acceptor [5]. In E. coli NarL and NarP transcription factors regulate of nitrate and fumarate reductase gene expression, with NarL ac ...
... anaerobic electron acceptor preferred by Escherichia coli. However, both Xenorhabdus spp. encode fumarate reductase that should allow fumarate to serve as an electron acceptor [5]. In E. coli NarL and NarP transcription factors regulate of nitrate and fumarate reductase gene expression, with NarL ac ...
CYP 2D6 Polymorphism
... „Every human differs (more or less) “ The phenotype can be distinguished by the actual activity or the amount of the expressed CYP enzyme. The genotype, however, is determined by the individual DNA sequence. Human: two sets of chromosomes That mean: The same genotype enables different phenotypes Dep ...
... „Every human differs (more or less) “ The phenotype can be distinguished by the actual activity or the amount of the expressed CYP enzyme. The genotype, however, is determined by the individual DNA sequence. Human: two sets of chromosomes That mean: The same genotype enables different phenotypes Dep ...
Cytochrome P450 and Polymorphism - uni
... „Every human differs (more or less) “ The phenotype can be distinguished by the actual activity or the amount of the expressed CYP enzyme. The genotype, however, is determined by the individual DNA sequence. Human: two sets of chromosomes ...
... „Every human differs (more or less) “ The phenotype can be distinguished by the actual activity or the amount of the expressed CYP enzyme. The genotype, however, is determined by the individual DNA sequence. Human: two sets of chromosomes ...
c12) United States Patent - Rice Scholarship Home
... the NADH/NAD+ ratio, is critical for the cell. The NAD(H/+) cofactor pair is very important in microbial catabolism, where a carbon source, such as glucose, is oxidized through a series of reactions utilizing NAD+ as a cofactor and producing reducing equivalents in the form of NADH. It is crucially ...
... the NADH/NAD+ ratio, is critical for the cell. The NAD(H/+) cofactor pair is very important in microbial catabolism, where a carbon source, such as glucose, is oxidized through a series of reactions utilizing NAD+ as a cofactor and producing reducing equivalents in the form of NADH. It is crucially ...
Regulation of Urea Synthesis by Agmatine in the Perfused Liver
... processes, including: dose-dependent release of insulin from islet cells exposed to glucose, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle, regulation of intracellular polyamine levels and cellular proliferation, regulation of neurotransmitter receptors, modulation of opioid analgesics, and inhibition of ...
... processes, including: dose-dependent release of insulin from islet cells exposed to glucose, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle, regulation of intracellular polyamine levels and cellular proliferation, regulation of neurotransmitter receptors, modulation of opioid analgesics, and inhibition of ...
Advances in Chemical Protein Modification
... The stability of some of the resulting conjugates, particularly those with a 1-S-3-carbonyl motif, may be compromised under certain conditions due to retro-Michael side-reactions and other thiol-promoted exchange processes,16 yet this issue can be minimized by reducing the electron-withdrawing keton ...
... The stability of some of the resulting conjugates, particularly those with a 1-S-3-carbonyl motif, may be compromised under certain conditions due to retro-Michael side-reactions and other thiol-promoted exchange processes,16 yet this issue can be minimized by reducing the electron-withdrawing keton ...
Aalborg Universitet metabolic engineering approach
... types of biorefinery systems; the most described type is probably the enzymatic and microbial conversion of lignocellulose to different products, e.g. bioethanol. However, for this type of biorefinery to be economical competitive on the open market, emphasis on high value products like certain chemi ...
... types of biorefinery systems; the most described type is probably the enzymatic and microbial conversion of lignocellulose to different products, e.g. bioethanol. However, for this type of biorefinery to be economical competitive on the open market, emphasis on high value products like certain chemi ...
Chemistry and Biology of Biosynthetic Diels–Alder Reactions
... chemistry which allows facile, stereospecific entry into sixmembered ring systems.[1] The structures of various secondary metabolites have led to an array of provocative proposals which suggest that nature might also make use of this valuable reaction.[2] An intriguing aspect of many of these biosyn ...
... chemistry which allows facile, stereospecific entry into sixmembered ring systems.[1] The structures of various secondary metabolites have led to an array of provocative proposals which suggest that nature might also make use of this valuable reaction.[2] An intriguing aspect of many of these biosyn ...
Biosynthetic Diels–Alder Reactions
... chemistry which allows facile, stereospecific entry into sixmembered ring systems.[1] The structures of various secondary metabolites have led to an array of provocative proposals which suggest that nature might also make use of this valuable reaction.[2] An intriguing aspect of many of these biosyn ...
... chemistry which allows facile, stereospecific entry into sixmembered ring systems.[1] The structures of various secondary metabolites have led to an array of provocative proposals which suggest that nature might also make use of this valuable reaction.[2] An intriguing aspect of many of these biosyn ...
Metabolic network modelling
Metabolic network reconstruction and simulation allows for an in-depth insight into the molecular mechanisms of a particular organism. In particular, these models correlate the genome with molecular physiology. A reconstruction breaks down metabolic pathways (such as glycolysis and the Citric acid cycle) into their respective reactions and enzymes, and analyzes them within the perspective of the entire network. In simplified terms, a reconstruction collects all of the relevant metabolic information of an organism and compiles it in a mathematical model. Validation and analysis of reconstructions can allow identification of key features of metabolism such as growth yield, resource distribution, network robustness, and gene essentiality. This knowledge can then be applied to create novel biotechnology.In general, the process to build a reconstruction is as follows: Draft a reconstruction Refine the model Convert model into a mathematical/computational representation Evaluate and debug model through experimentation↑