inclusion of a glycogen regulation mathematical model into a
... assume a well-mixed cell and ignore spatial heterogeneity While physiological layering is important to accurately model metabolism, the layering of regulation within the system is also of interest for our model. ...
... assume a well-mixed cell and ignore spatial heterogeneity While physiological layering is important to accurately model metabolism, the layering of regulation within the system is also of interest for our model. ...
Chapter 4 General metabolism
... occurs being produced both ATP and two molecules of pyruvate. In a third stage pyruvate is subjected to a series of oxidation-reduction reactions and may originate by fermentation products such as ethanol, lactic acid, CO2, or be channeled into Krebs cycle for respiration. The intracellular hexoses ...
... occurs being produced both ATP and two molecules of pyruvate. In a third stage pyruvate is subjected to a series of oxidation-reduction reactions and may originate by fermentation products such as ethanol, lactic acid, CO2, or be channeled into Krebs cycle for respiration. The intracellular hexoses ...
Roles of the Methylcitrate and Methylmalonyl
... mankind, but we are only now beginning to understand how it is able to survive and persist indefinitely in the host. Understanding carbon metabolism of the pathogen during infection is key, not only as a source of potential drug targets, but also for elucidating the environment in vivo, so that drug ...
... mankind, but we are only now beginning to understand how it is able to survive and persist indefinitely in the host. Understanding carbon metabolism of the pathogen during infection is key, not only as a source of potential drug targets, but also for elucidating the environment in vivo, so that drug ...
ANTIBIOTICS
... Polyketides are a large group of secondary metabolites synthesized by decarboxylative condensation malonyl units often with subsequent cyclization of the polyketo chain . The starter group may be an acetate but also pyruvate, butyrate, ethyl malonate, paraaminobenzoic acid, etc. The formation of the ...
... Polyketides are a large group of secondary metabolites synthesized by decarboxylative condensation malonyl units often with subsequent cyclization of the polyketo chain . The starter group may be an acetate but also pyruvate, butyrate, ethyl malonate, paraaminobenzoic acid, etc. The formation of the ...
General introduction - University of Amsterdam
... from a nutrient-rich environment like the body is not necessary (48). Yeasts as model organisms Since ancient times the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for baking and brewing, but in the last century it was recognized as a suitable unicellular model organism to study eukaryotic cells, p ...
... from a nutrient-rich environment like the body is not necessary (48). Yeasts as model organisms Since ancient times the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for baking and brewing, but in the last century it was recognized as a suitable unicellular model organism to study eukaryotic cells, p ...
Presentation 2013-201307040352
... Hydrolysis of proteins containing trimethyllysine provides the substrate for the subsequent conversion to carnitine. ...
... Hydrolysis of proteins containing trimethyllysine provides the substrate for the subsequent conversion to carnitine. ...
Pyridoxine Pyridoxal Pyridoxamine
... derived from methionine, to form cystathione. This reaction is catalyzed by cystathione synthase (CS). Cystathione is cleaved by cystathionase to yield cysteine and -ketobutryate which goes on to form succinyl CoA, a TCA cycle intermediate. Both enzymes are homologous to aminotransferases and req ...
... derived from methionine, to form cystathione. This reaction is catalyzed by cystathione synthase (CS). Cystathione is cleaved by cystathionase to yield cysteine and -ketobutryate which goes on to form succinyl CoA, a TCA cycle intermediate. Both enzymes are homologous to aminotransferases and req ...
Endocrinology of the Pancreas and Diabetes Mellitus
... LEFT: Effects of insulin on glucose metabolism in hepatocytes. Green arrows indicate reactions that are increased, and dashed red arrows indicate reactions that are decreased. RIGHT: Biochemical pathways of glucose metabolism in hepatocytes. Reactions that are accelerated in the presence of glucagon ...
... LEFT: Effects of insulin on glucose metabolism in hepatocytes. Green arrows indicate reactions that are increased, and dashed red arrows indicate reactions that are decreased. RIGHT: Biochemical pathways of glucose metabolism in hepatocytes. Reactions that are accelerated in the presence of glucagon ...
Citrate metabolism in lactic acid bacteria
... of C4 compounds by lactic acid bacteria proceeds in a similar way as found in other organisms such as Bacillus subtilis [30], Klebsiella aerogenes [31], and Serratia marcescens [32]. In this pathway one C5-intermediate, a-acetolactate, is synthesized from two pyruvate molecules and subsequently deca ...
... of C4 compounds by lactic acid bacteria proceeds in a similar way as found in other organisms such as Bacillus subtilis [30], Klebsiella aerogenes [31], and Serratia marcescens [32]. In this pathway one C5-intermediate, a-acetolactate, is synthesized from two pyruvate molecules and subsequently deca ...
Document
... during or shortly after the transfusion of a blood component, a transfusion reaction must be considered as the precipitating event until proven otherwise • Only a high index of suspicion will allow a transfusion ...
... during or shortly after the transfusion of a blood component, a transfusion reaction must be considered as the precipitating event until proven otherwise • Only a high index of suspicion will allow a transfusion ...
Membrane transporters in a human genome-scale
... 1993;Kobayashi et al., 1993;Seow et al., 2004), obesity (Prudente et al., 2007), and cancer (Cooper et al., 2003;Macheda et al., 2005). Hence, knowledge of the cellular transport systems is fundamental to understanding human metabolism. Genome-scale metabolic reconstructions (GENREs) integrate the g ...
... 1993;Kobayashi et al., 1993;Seow et al., 2004), obesity (Prudente et al., 2007), and cancer (Cooper et al., 2003;Macheda et al., 2005). Hence, knowledge of the cellular transport systems is fundamental to understanding human metabolism. Genome-scale metabolic reconstructions (GENREs) integrate the g ...
Tutorial - Chemistry
... One of the services is no longer available in the nested workflow (the faded-out service). Taverna checks the availability of each service when you load the workflow and when you run it In this case, the workflow will still run without the final nested workflow (clean text) Delete the ‘clean text’ n ...
... One of the services is no longer available in the nested workflow (the faded-out service). Taverna checks the availability of each service when you load the workflow and when you run it In this case, the workflow will still run without the final nested workflow (clean text) Delete the ‘clean text’ n ...
Lecture 5 - Fermentation and CHO feeder
... Glycogen is primarily stored in the liver and is used to maintain blood glucose levels between meals But … neither G1P nor G6P can be transported out of liver cells Require separate pathway (below) to convert G6P to glucose for transport ...
... Glycogen is primarily stored in the liver and is used to maintain blood glucose levels between meals But … neither G1P nor G6P can be transported out of liver cells Require separate pathway (below) to convert G6P to glucose for transport ...
Indexing Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Flux in Intact Hearts by Carbon
... generation in normal myocardium, the noninvasive quantification of TCA cycle flux in intact cardiac tissues is difficult. A novel approach for estimating citric acid cycle flux using `3C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is presented and evaluated experimentally by comparison with measured myocardial ...
... generation in normal myocardium, the noninvasive quantification of TCA cycle flux in intact cardiac tissues is difficult. A novel approach for estimating citric acid cycle flux using `3C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is presented and evaluated experimentally by comparison with measured myocardial ...
CYP2C19 phenotype in a South African cohort
... adapted AS system was developed, which showed a marked improvement in phenotype prediction. Results highlight the need for a more comprehensive CYP2C19 genotyping approach to improve prediction of omeprazole metabolism. Conclusion: Evidence for the utility of a CYP2C19 AS system is provided, for whi ...
... adapted AS system was developed, which showed a marked improvement in phenotype prediction. Results highlight the need for a more comprehensive CYP2C19 genotyping approach to improve prediction of omeprazole metabolism. Conclusion: Evidence for the utility of a CYP2C19 AS system is provided, for whi ...
DISCOVERY OF ENZYMES RESPONSIBLE FOR AN ALTERNATE
... system most prominent today. Their unique nature and independent evolutionary history prompts vigorous debate about not only the evolutionary path of all organisms but also the origin of life itself. Investigation into the archaeal domain has revealed that these microbes are similar to bacteria in s ...
... system most prominent today. Their unique nature and independent evolutionary history prompts vigorous debate about not only the evolutionary path of all organisms but also the origin of life itself. Investigation into the archaeal domain has revealed that these microbes are similar to bacteria in s ...
LipidMetabolism
... Phosphatidylinositol is made by this CDPdiacylglycerol pathway in bacteria and eukaryotes ...
... Phosphatidylinositol is made by this CDPdiacylglycerol pathway in bacteria and eukaryotes ...
Disorders of Propionate and Methylmalonate Metabolism
... CHAPTER 94 / DISORDERS OF PROPIONATE AND METHYLMALONATE METABOLISM ...
... CHAPTER 94 / DISORDERS OF PROPIONATE AND METHYLMALONATE METABOLISM ...
Toxic Alcohol Ingestions: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and
... intoxication presents with hyperosmolality alone. The effects of these substances, except for isopropanol and possibly alcoholic ketoacidosis, are due to their metabolites, which can cause metabolic acidosis and cellular dysfunction. Accumulation of the alcohols in the blood can cause an increment i ...
... intoxication presents with hyperosmolality alone. The effects of these substances, except for isopropanol and possibly alcoholic ketoacidosis, are due to their metabolites, which can cause metabolic acidosis and cellular dysfunction. Accumulation of the alcohols in the blood can cause an increment i ...
Metabolic network modelling
Metabolic network reconstruction and simulation allows for an in-depth insight into the molecular mechanisms of a particular organism. In particular, these models correlate the genome with molecular physiology. A reconstruction breaks down metabolic pathways (such as glycolysis and the Citric acid cycle) into their respective reactions and enzymes, and analyzes them within the perspective of the entire network. In simplified terms, a reconstruction collects all of the relevant metabolic information of an organism and compiles it in a mathematical model. Validation and analysis of reconstructions can allow identification of key features of metabolism such as growth yield, resource distribution, network robustness, and gene essentiality. This knowledge can then be applied to create novel biotechnology.In general, the process to build a reconstruction is as follows: Draft a reconstruction Refine the model Convert model into a mathematical/computational representation Evaluate and debug model through experimentation↑