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The Cell
Parts of Plant and Animal Cells
Structure and Function
The Plant Cell
5 unique facts about  Has cell walls and cell
plant cells
membrane
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Has Chloroplasts
Has one large vacuole
Performs photosynthesis
Rectangular in shape
The Animal Cell
Cue: 4 unique facts about
animal cells.
Notes:
 Oval or spherical in shape
 Have lysosomes
 Have small vacuoles
 Have a cell membrane, no
cell wall
The Cell Wall
Cue
Notes
Location: Outer most layer of plant cell
Structure: 1.Strong, thick outer layer
2.Made of cellulose
Function: 1.Supports and protects the
plant cell
The Cell Membrane
The Doorway of the Cell
CELL MEMBRANE
Location:
Plant Cells:
Located inside the cell wall
Animal Cells: outer layer between cytoplasm
and the environment
Structure:
Function:
A layer surrounding the cell
Made of cholesterol
1. Regulates passage of materials in
and out of the cell
2. Provides protection and support
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The Inside of the Cell
PARTS:
Nucleus
– Nuclear Membrane
– Nucleolus
– Chromatin
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum or ER
Ribosomes
Golgi Body
Chloroplasts
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
The Nucleus
 Cues
Notes
Nucleus
control center
– Location: floating in the cytoplasm
– Structure: Large, spherical structure
– Function: Directs all cell activities.
“the brains” of the cell,
holds the nucleolus and
chromatin (DNA)
Part of the Nucleus
Cues:
Notes:
Nuclear
Envelope
Location: surrounds the nucleus
Structure: thin membrane
Function: Allows materials in and out
of nucleus through pores,
Protects the nucleus
Chromatin and Nucleolus
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Cues
Notes
 Chromatin (chromosomes)
 Structure: thin strands of genetic material,
Location:
found in the nucleus
Function: blueprints for the instructions for
directing cell activities,
Contains all genetic information
 The Nucleolus (Cue)
Structure:
Notes
Small spherical structure
Location: found in the nucleus
Function:
Site of ribosome production.
Releases ribosomes into the nucleus
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Cytoplasm
(Cue)
(Notes)
Cytoplasm
Location: found inside of the cell membrane
Structure: Clear, thick jelly-like substance
Function: Holds the organelles
Constantly moving
Protects the cell
Mitochondria- The Powerhouse
Location: found in cytoplasm
Structure: Rod-shaped organelle,
folded layers inside
Function: 1. Takes in food molecules.
2.Converts food molecules to
energy the cell can use
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Transportation System
 Location:
 Structure:
Usually located close
to Nucleus
System of tubular
passageways in cell
 Function: transport materials: helps
form proteins and other materials
 Two Types
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Smooth ER
Has no attached ribosomes
Rough ER
Has ribosomes attached
Ribosomes:
Protein Factories of the Cell
 Location: -attached to ER (fixed) or
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floating around in the cytoplasm (free)
-Produced in the Nucleolus
 Structure: Small, grain-like bodies
 Function: -Produce proteins for cell
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-Ribosome send proteins down
the ER
Golgi Body – Mail Room
Golgi Body – mailroom
Location: located near cell membrane
Structure: System of flattened sacs
and tubes
Function: 1.Receives proteins from ER
2.packages proteins and
materials into VESICLES
3.ships vesicles around and
out of cell
Vesicles - Packages of the Cell
 Location: Floating in the cytoplasm
 Structure: Membrane covered spheres
 Function: Transport particles, including proteins,
around and out of cell.
Released from the ER and Golgi bodies
Chloroplasts - Energy Producers for Plants
 Location: In Plants Only!! Found in cytoplasm
 Structure: Large, irregular shaped green structures
 Function: Photosynthesis -Captures sunlight and convert it
to energy for food
Contains Chlorophyll which is a green pigment
Vacuoles
Storage Tanks
Vacuoles – storage tank
Location: floating in cytoplasm.
Structure: Large, round sac
Function: Stores mainly water, food, waste, other materials,
one large central vacuole in plants
Small and often absent from animal cells
Water in vacuoles help give plants their shape.
Lysosomes
Cleanup Crew
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Lysosomes – cleanup crew
Location: Animal cells only, floats throughout the cytoplasm
Structure: Small, round organelle
Function: Collects wastes
– Breaks down materials with chemical enzymes (large food
pieces, old cell parts)