* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Translation - Net Start Class
Promoter (genetics) wikipedia , lookup
Agarose gel electrophoresis wikipedia , lookup
Bottromycin wikipedia , lookup
RNA interference wikipedia , lookup
Cell-penetrating peptide wikipedia , lookup
List of types of proteins wikipedia , lookup
Molecular cloning wikipedia , lookup
Molecular evolution wikipedia , lookup
Eukaryotic transcription wikipedia , lookup
RNA polymerase II holoenzyme wikipedia , lookup
Cre-Lox recombination wikipedia , lookup
Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids wikipedia , lookup
Transcriptional regulation wikipedia , lookup
Silencer (genetics) wikipedia , lookup
Non-coding DNA wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
DNA supercoil wikipedia , lookup
Polyadenylation wikipedia , lookup
RNA silencing wikipedia , lookup
Point mutation wikipedia , lookup
Gene expression wikipedia , lookup
Non-coding RNA wikipedia , lookup
Biochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Expanded genetic code wikipedia , lookup
Deoxyribozyme wikipedia , lookup
Genetic code wikipedia , lookup
Messenger RNA wikipedia , lookup
1. 2. Answers for Transcription DNA acts as a template to make the RNA molecule. Describe 3 ways RNA and DNA differ. 1.) the sugar in RNA is ribose instead of deoxyribose 2.) RNA is generally single stranded 3.) RNA contains uracil in place of Thymine 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. If the DNA molecule has the base adenine, the RNA molecule will have the base uracil. If the DNA molecule has the base thymine, the RNA molecule will have the base adenine. If the DNA molecule has the base cytosine, the RNA molecule will have the base guanine. If the DNA molecule has the base guanine, the RNA molecule will have the base cytosine. Transcription occurs in the nucleus of cells. A U T A T A G A C U C G G C A U C G Original DNA messenger RNA Translation • The decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain (protein) is known as translation • Translation takes place on ribosomes • To follow are the steps of translation A.) Before translation occurs, mRNA is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus and released in the cytoplasm B.) Translation begins when mRNA attaches to a ribosome. As each codon of mRNA moves through the ribosome, the proper amino acid is brought into the ribosome by tRNA. The amino acid is transferred to the growing polypeptide chain B.) Each tRNA carries one kind of amino acid. The tRNA molecule also has three unpaired bases. These bases are called anticodon and are complementary to one mRNA codon. C.) This process works like an assembly line. The ribosome forms a bond between the amino acids. At the same time it breaks the bond held the first tRNA to its amino acid and releases the tRNA molecule. The ribomsome then moves to the next codon D.) The polypeptide chain continues to grow until the ribosome reaches the stop codon on the mRNA molecule. It then releases the newly formed polypeptide and mRNA molecule Review • DNA and RNA are like two different plans that builders use. – DNA serves as the “master plan” that contains all the information needed to build. The master plan can never be lost – RNA serves as inexpensive, disposable copies of the master plan called “blue prints” mRNA? Amino Acids? Single Strand of DNA TACGCAATC mRNA? AUGCGUUAG mRNA codons? AUG-CGU-UAG Amino Acids? Met-Arg-Stop On translation notes: Glue the copy of the codon keys into your notes. Use the key for the following: Identify the three amino acids being coded for by the strand of mRNA. Copy the mRNA into your notebook and answer. A U Isoleucine U G A C Aspartic acid G C G Alanine What is Your DNA Alias? Barton DNA code: (TAC) GCA GCT CGT AGT GAT GAC (ATC) mRNA code: (AUG) CGU-CGA-GCA-UCA-CUA-CUG (UAG) Amino Acid Sequence: (Met) Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser-Leu-Leu (Stop)