Download Translation - Net Start Class

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Answers for Transcription
DNA acts as a template to make the
RNA molecule.
Describe 3 ways RNA and DNA differ.
1.) the sugar in RNA is ribose instead of
deoxyribose
2.) RNA is generally single stranded
3.) RNA contains uracil in place of Thymine
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
If the DNA molecule has the base
adenine, the RNA molecule will have
the base uracil.
If the DNA molecule has the base
thymine, the RNA molecule will have
the base adenine.
If the DNA molecule has the base
cytosine, the RNA molecule will have
the base guanine.
If the DNA molecule has the base
guanine, the RNA molecule will have
the base cytosine.
Transcription occurs in the nucleus of
cells.
A
U
T
A
T
A
G
A
C
U
C
G
G
C
A
U
C
G
Original
DNA
messenger
RNA
Translation
• The decoding of an mRNA message into a
polypeptide chain (protein) is known as
translation
• Translation takes place on ribosomes
• To follow are the steps of translation
A.) Before translation occurs, mRNA is
transcribed from DNA in the nucleus and
released in the cytoplasm
B.) Translation begins when mRNA attaches to a
ribosome. As each codon of mRNA moves
through the ribosome, the proper amino acid is
brought into the ribosome by tRNA. The amino
acid is transferred to the growing polypeptide
chain
B.) Each tRNA carries one kind of amino acid.
The tRNA molecule also has three unpaired
bases. These bases are called anticodon and
are complementary to one mRNA codon.
C.) This process works like an assembly line. The
ribosome forms a bond between the amino
acids. At the same time it breaks the bond held
the first tRNA to its amino acid and releases the
tRNA molecule. The ribomsome then moves to
the next codon
D.) The polypeptide chain continues to grow until
the ribosome reaches the stop codon on the
mRNA molecule. It then releases the newly
formed polypeptide and mRNA molecule
Review
• DNA and RNA are like two different plans
that builders use.
– DNA serves as the “master plan” that contains
all the information needed to build. The
master plan can never be lost
– RNA serves as inexpensive, disposable
copies of the master plan called “blue prints”
mRNA?
Amino Acids?
Single Strand of DNA
TACGCAATC
mRNA?
AUGCGUUAG
mRNA codons?
AUG-CGU-UAG
Amino Acids?
Met-Arg-Stop
On translation notes:
Glue the copy of the
codon keys into your
notes. Use the key for
the following:
Identify the three amino
acids being coded for
by the strand of mRNA.
Copy the mRNA into
your notebook and
answer.
A
U
Isoleucine
U
G
A
C
Aspartic
acid
G
C
G
Alanine
What is Your DNA Alias?
Barton
DNA code:
(TAC) GCA GCT CGT AGT GAT GAC (ATC)
mRNA code:
(AUG) CGU-CGA-GCA-UCA-CUA-CUG (UAG)
Amino Acid Sequence:
(Met) Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser-Leu-Leu (Stop)