Download Chapter 7 Practice Test

Name
7
Class
Cell Structure and Function
Date
Chapter Test A
Multiple Choice
Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided.
_____ 1. Who used a compound microscope to see chambers within cork and named them “cells”?
a. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
c. Matthias Schleiden
b. Robert Hooke
d. Rudolf Virchow
_____ 2. Electron microscopes can reveal details
a. only in specimens that are still alive.
b. about the different colors of cell structures.
c. of cell structures only once they are stained.
d. 1000 times smaller than those visible in light microscopes.
_____ 3. Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it is a prokaryote. How do you know?
a. The cell lacks cytoplasm.
c. The cell lacks a nucleus.
b. The cell lacks a cell membrane.
d. The cell lacks genetic material.
_____ 4. Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus?
a. mitochondria.
c. chromatin
b. nucleolus
d. DNA
_____ 5. Which organelle breaks down organelles that are no longer useful?
a. Golgi apparatus
c. endoplasmic reticulum
b. lysosome
d. mitochondrion
Figure 7–1
_____ 6. Which structure in the cell shown in Figure 7–1 above stores materials, such as water, salts,
proteins, and carbohydrates?
a. structure A
c. structure C
b. structure B
d. structure D
_____ 7. Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?
a. ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
b. ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast
c. endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi apparatus
d. ribosome, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum
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_____ 8. Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into useable energy?
a. chloroplast
c. endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi apparatus
d. mitochondrion
_____ 9. Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?
a. breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods
b. stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates
c. keeps the cell wall in place
d. regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell
_____ 10. The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to
the other. What are these channels and pumps made of?
a. carbohydrates
c. bilipids
b. lipids
d. proteins
_____ 11. Diffusion occurs because
a. molecules are attracted to one another.
b. molecules constantly move and collide with each other.
c. cellular energy forces molecules to collide with each other.
d. cellular energy pumps molecules across the cell membrane.
_____ 12. An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure
causes
a. water to move into the cell.
c. solutes to move into the cell.
b. water to move out of the cell.
d. solutes to move out of the cell.
_____ 13. Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
a. diffusion
c. facilitated diffusion
b. osmosis
d. active transport
_____ 14. The cells of unicellular organisms are
a. specialized to perform different tasks.
b. larger than those of multicellular organisms
c. able to carry out all of the functions necessary for life.
d. unable to respond to changes in their environment.
_____ 15. Which list represents the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from the
simplest level to the most complex level?
a. cell, tissue, organ system, organ
b. organ system, organ, tissue, cell
c. tissue, organ, organ system, cell
d. cell, tissue, organ, organ system
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Completion
Complete each statement on the line provided.
16. Electrons pass through thin slices of cells or tissues and produce flat, two-dimensional images in
electron microscopy.
17. The cell’s genetic information is found in the cell’s nucleus as threadlike
which are made of chromatin and protein.
18. In plants,
,
capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy.
19. Some materials can move across the cell membrane against a concentration gradient by
.
20. A cell’s relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions are called
.
Short Answer
In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided.
21. Is the cell in Figure 7–2 a prokaryote or a
eukaryote? How can you tell? Use the
features labeled A, B, and C to describe
the cell.
22. What advantages do cell walls provide
plant cells that contact fresh water?
Figure 7–2
23. Explain, in terms of osmosis, why a raisin placed in a cup of pure water overnight will puff up with
water.
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Figure 7–3
24. Identify each of the cell structures indicated in Figure 7–3. Use these terms: nucleus,
mitochondrion, ribosome, cell membrane, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic
reticulum, nucleolus, Golgi apparatus, cytoplasm.
25. How are endocytosis and exocytosis similar? How are they different?
Using Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions on the lines provided.
A student put together the experimental setup shown below. The selectively permeable membrane is
permeable to water, but not the solute shown.
Figure 7–4
26. Interpret Visuals Describe the experimental setup shown in Figure 7–4.
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27. Compare and Contrast How does the solution on Side A of the apparatus shown in Figure 7–4
differ from the solution on Side B?
28. Predict Look at Figure 7–4. Describe the movement of water in the experimental setup. What will
happen to the concentration of water over time?
29. Predict What will the apparatus shown in Figure 7–4 look like when equilibrium is reached?
30. Predict Once equilibrium is reached in the apparatus shown in Figure 7–4, will the water
molecules continue to move? Explain your answer.
Essay
Write the answer to each question in the space provided.
31. Summarize three statements from the cell theory. Explain the significance of the cell theory to
biology.
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32. Describe the cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, and cytoplasm. Which of these structures are you
likely to find in a prokaryotic cell? Eukaryotic cell? Plant cell? Animal cell?
33. Distinguish between microtubules and microfilaments. Describe two functions of each kind of
structure.
34. How do facilitated diffusion and active transport differ? Is osmosis an example of facilitated
diffusion or active transport?
35. Compare a cell from a unicellular organism with a cell from a multicellular organism in terms of
cell specialization.
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