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Cell Biology – UNIT GUIDE
Name: ______________________
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Be able to relate cell parts/organelles (plasma or cell membrane, nuclear envelope
or membrane, nucleus, nucleolus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, endoplasmic
reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, ribosome, vacuole, cell wall, chloroplast,
cytoskeleton, cilia and flagella and pseudopod) to their functions. (Most
emphasized ones are italicized.)
2. Compare and contrast, at the cellular level, the general structures and degrees of
complexity of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Within eukaryotes, compare and
contrast the cells of animals and plants.
3. Compare and contrast a virus and a cell.
KEY IDEAS
1. A __________ is the smallest and simplest unit capable of life.
2. Organisms that are a single cell are called _______________. Organisms that are
made of more than one cell working together are called ____________________.
3. Know the functions of these cell organelles: plasma or cell membrane, cell wall,
cytoplasm, nuclear membrane, nucleus, nucleolus, ribosome, endoplasmic
reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondrion, chloroplast, vacuole,
cytoskeleton, cilia and flagella and pseudopods.
4. _______________ (bacteria and archaea) do not have membrane-bound
organelles, like the nucleus. Their cells are small and simple.
___________________ (plants, animals, fungi, protozoans) have membranebound organelles, and their cells are larger and more complex.
5. A __________ is not a cell. Both it and a cell have genetic material (DNA,
RNA), but unlike a cell, it does not have any cell organelles, and it can only
reproduce by forcing a host cell to use its protein synthesis machinery to make
new ______________ instead of making the cell’s normal proteins.
What are the signs that you’re looking at a bacterial cell?
How can you tell whether you’re looking at a plant or animal cell?
VOCABULARY
Cell
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Cilia
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Endoplasmic reticulum
Eukaryote
Flagellum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Mitrochondrion
Multicellular
Nuclear membrane
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Organelle
Plasma membrane
Prokaryote
Pseudopod
Ribosome
Unicellular
Vacuole
Virus
Cell Biology – UNIT GUIDE
Name: ______________________
CONNECTIONS TO OTHER UNITS
Fill in the blank for Ecology, which you have already had.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. The drawing below represents an organism that a student observed when examining a
sample of pond water with a light microscope.
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
The student identified this organism as a prokaryote.
a. Is the student's identification accurate? In a paragraph, explain your answer using
information from the diagram.
b. In a paragraph, identify three similarities between the cells of prokaryotes and
eukaryotes.
Cell Biology – UNIT GUIDE
Name: ______________________
2. Which of the following statements correctly matches a cell part with its function?
A. The cell membrane packages lipids for export.
B. The mitochondria perform photosynthesis.
C. The lysosome digests molecules.
D. The nucleus produces energy.
3. Which of the following organisms is eukaryotic, multicellular, and autotrophic?
A. A squid
C. A paramecium
B. A pine tree
D. A mushroom
4. A tomato plant in a greenhouse was found to be infected with tobacco mosaic virus. A
few weeks later, nearby plants were also found to be infected with the virus.
Which of the following best describes how the virus reproduced?
A. The virus made its own spores.
B. The virus produced seeds in the tomatoes.
C. The virus used the host plant’s resources and machinery to reproduce.
D. The virus immediately killed the host plant and was free to reproduce.
5. A biologist looks at an organism through a microscope. Which of the following
observations tells the biologist that the organism is eukaryotic?
A. The organism is unicellular.
B. The organism moves with flagella.
C. The organism has a cell membrane.
D. The organism has membrane-bound organelles.
6. Which of the following is one important difference between a virus and a bacterial
cell?
A. A virus is much larger in size than a bacterial cell.
B. A virus always causes more severe disease than a bacterial cell.
C. A virus can never reproduce on its own, but a bacterial cell can.
D. A virus does not contain genetic material, but a bacterial cell does.
7. The cells of the nasal cavity and trachea are lined with cilia. Which of the following
describes the purpose of cilia?
A. To cool air that is entering the respiratory system
B. To help move trapped particles out of the respiratory system
C. To help reproduce sound as air moves out of the respiratory system
D. To increase the surface area for gas exchange in the respiratory system
Answers are on the course website: http://harwichbio.wikispaces.com
LINKS TO EXTENSIONS
Explore related careers: http://science.education.nih.gov/LifeWorks.nsf/feature/indexhtm
Images, quizzes, more information about cells: http://cellsalive.com/
Cell Organelle Game: http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/cell/
Virtual Cell: http://www.life.illinois.edu/plantbio/cell/
Cell Biology – UNIT GUIDE
Name: ______________________
Microbes in the News: http://commtechlab.msu.edu/SITES/dlc-me/news/news.html
Online Microbiology Tuitorials: http://www.microbiologybytes.com/tutorials/index.html
Animal Cell Structures: http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/animalcell.html
Plant Cell Structures: http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plantcell.html
How Do We Know What Mitochondria Do?
http://www.brighthub.com/science/genetics/articles/26365.aspx
Recent Findings on Cell Biology: http://www.eurekalert.org/bysubject/index.php?kw=23
Beautiful Images: http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/featured/images-inside-humanbody-images/8292 and
http://swehsc.pharmacy.arizona.edu/exppath/micro/edu/imagesites.php
CDC Information on Swine Flu: http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/
Why don’t antibiotics work on a cold or flu? http://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/antibioticuse/know-and-do.html
Immune System Game: http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/immunity/