Download Cells Study Guide - Little Miami Schools

Cells
Study Guide
Dragonfly: pages 169-191
Owl: pages 69-106
Concepts:
 How cells got their name and the scientists who first viewed cells (Hooke vs. VonLeeuwenhoek)
 3 parts of the cell theory
 The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
 Organelles of a cell: be able to label a diagram of a cell with the parts
 Be able to describe the function of the cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus (including chromatin),
nucleolus, ribosomes, rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, lysomes, vacuoles, mitochondria,
chloroplasts, cytoskeleton.
 Know the relationship between organelles
- How the nucleus, ribosomes, ER, and Golgi Bodies work together to produce proteins
- The Energy related organelles—Chloroplasts and Mitochondria—know the internal structure of
these 2 organelles and how/why glucose moves between them.
 Which cells do/do not have cell walls, chloroplasts, lysosomes, centrioles
 Which cells have/do not have membrane bound organelles








The structure of cell membrane. What factors determine if a molecule move through the membrane or
must move through a transport protein. --semi-permeable (also known as selectively permeable).
Solutions—solute, solvent, concentration, concentration gradient
Diffusion--depends on random particle movement, movement is down the concentration gradient (from
high to low concentration)—passive transport requires NO energy from the cell
Osmosis is diffusion of water—if the solute can’t move so the water will. This is passive transport and
requires no energy from the cell.
Hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic—what will happen if a cell is placed in one of these solutions
(plasmolysis and cytolysis)? Can you use these words to explain what happened in the Elodea plant lab
Facilitated diffusion--How is it different than the simple diffusion such as our dialysis tubing lab? Why
is this still considered passive transport?
Active transport--Remember that the cell is using energy to move substances from lower concentration
to higher concentration—opposite of diffusion! Often requires protein pump.
Exocytosis vs endocytosis
VOCABULARY
Cell
Cell theory
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Organelle
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Phospholipid bilayer
Membrane-bound organelle
Chromatin/chromosome/DNA
Nucleolus
Ribosome
ER
Golgi Bodies
Lysosome
Vacuole
Motichondria
Cytoskeleton
Chloroplast
Centriole
Vesicle
Microtubules
Cilia
Flagella
Pseudopod
Plastid
Solute
Solvent
Concentration gradient
Brownian Movement
Plasmolysis
Cytolysis
Passive Transport:
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active Transport:
Endocytosis
Exocytosis