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Download Genetic Engineering of Late Blight Resistance in Potato
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Genetic Engineering of Late Blight Resistance in Potato Sanwen Huang, Dongyu Qu, Jianfei Xu, Zhiqi Jia, Cuihua Xin, Ying Li, Zhonghua Zhang The oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans causes late blight, a devastating disease of potato. Resistance breeding was not successful in release of cultivars with durable protection, which is largely due to the extremely high evolutionary potential of the pathogen. Recent studies in molecular interaction of the pathosystem have results in isolation of several resistance genes from potato and several avirulence genes from P. infestans. This new development paves new ways to combat the disease In our lab, we are working on two approaches to exploit the cloned genes. First, an R-gene polyculture will be generated and tested in potato field. The polyculture aims to ensure a resistance polymorphism in the field to enable a more durable protection than conventional monoculture that deploy genetically uniform cultivar. Several genes are transforming into major cultivars in China. We are also in the way to clone a few more R genes. A new binary vector is made and tested for marker-free transformation. To release R gene polyculture accordingly, we are surveying the population structure of P. infestans in major production zones using the known sequences of the avirulence genes. The ongoing genomic projects for both the host and the pathogen will ultimately render a polyculture with R genes tailored the Avr gene makeup of the target population. Second, a versatile positive-mutation system is being made to uncover genes in perceiving of pathogen signals and in initiating defense reaction. A tomato plant with the interacting pair R3a-Avr3a, with Avr3a under control by chemical-inducible promotor. Spray with the chemical can identify M2 families in which a signaling gene is defected. Such a gene could be manipulated to convey broad-spectrum resistance. Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhong Guan Cun Nan Da Jie, Beijing, 100081, China Presenting author: Sanwen Huang ([email protected]; Fax: +86-10-62174123)