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BIOLOGY Y12 Option – The Code Broken CLOZE PASSAGE No 5 Selective breeding, cloning, Gene cascades Complete the following sentences using appropriate words or short phrases a) Name of the species studied for selective breeding Wheat in Australia b) The pioneer of wheat research in Australia William Farrer c) Farrer crossed Yandilla with a high yielding variety called ……………. Purple straw d) Wheat from England ripened too …………… to survive the hot summers of Australia late e) They produced ……………..flour and were effected by many …………… diseases Poor, fungal f) Friesian X Jersey = Lots of creamy milk g) Name of the caterpillar that eats cotton plants Helicoverpa h) Bt cotton gets its name because the gene originally came from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis i) Producing identical copies of a section of chromosome Gene cloning j) Gene cloning involves using circular DNA called a plasmid k) To produce dolly is known as …………… organism cloning l) The animal in which dolly grew and developed was called a …………….. mother whole surrogate m) ………………..reproduction is an example of whole organism cloning asexual n) A drug produced by gene cloning insulin o) Name a methodology to verify that an organism is a clone p) Embryonic development is influenced by both …………….. and ……………..from nearby cells q) Genes that control the structural development or body plan r) The sequence of these genes is called the ………………….. s) The formation of a limb caused by the sequencing and controlled expression of Hox genes t) This sequencing of the limb happens in both ……. and …………….. u) Homeobox genes are very similar in many animals. This could mean that homeobox genes evolved ………………….in terms of evolution DNA profiling or DNA hybridisation Position and chemicals Homeotic or Hox genes Homeobox cascade Birds and mammals Very early v) Chemicals that control structural development are called………….. morphogens w) Morphogen that controls the growth of limbs Sonic Hedgehog x) There are …………. Hox genes in humans on ……………. chromosomes 38 and 4 y) A morphogen that initiates limb bud formation Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) z) A person who studies evolutionary relationships by comparing their structural characteristics Taxonomist