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BIOLOGY Y12
Option – The Code Broken
CLOZE PASSAGE No 5
Selective breeding, cloning, Gene cascades
Complete the following sentences using appropriate words or short phrases
a) Name of the species studied for selective breeding
Wheat in Australia
b) The pioneer of wheat research in Australia
William Farrer
c) Farrer crossed Yandilla with a high yielding variety called …………….
Purple straw
d) Wheat from England ripened too …………… to survive the hot summers of Australia
late
e) They produced ……………..flour and were effected by many …………… diseases
Poor, fungal
f) Friesian X Jersey =
Lots of creamy milk
g) Name of the caterpillar that eats cotton plants
Helicoverpa
h) Bt cotton gets its name because the gene originally came from the bacterium
Bacillus thuringiensis
i)
Producing identical copies of a section of chromosome
Gene cloning
j)
Gene cloning involves using circular DNA called a
plasmid
k) To produce dolly is known as …………… organism cloning
l)
The animal in which dolly grew and developed was called a …………….. mother
whole
surrogate
m) ………………..reproduction is an example of whole organism cloning
asexual
n) A drug produced by gene cloning
insulin
o) Name a methodology to verify that an organism is a clone
p)
Embryonic development is influenced by both …………….. and ……………..from
nearby cells
q) Genes that control the structural development or body plan
r) The sequence of these genes is called the …………………..
s)
The formation of a limb caused by the sequencing and controlled expression of Hox
genes
t) This sequencing of the limb happens in both ……. and ……………..
u)
Homeobox genes are very similar in many animals. This could mean that homeobox
genes evolved ………………….in terms of evolution
DNA profiling or DNA
hybridisation
Position and
chemicals
Homeotic or Hox
genes
Homeobox
cascade
Birds and mammals
Very early
v) Chemicals that control structural development are called…………..
morphogens
w) Morphogen that controls the growth of limbs
Sonic Hedgehog
x) There are …………. Hox genes in humans on ……………. chromosomes
38 and 4
y) A morphogen that initiates limb bud formation
Fibroblast growth
factor (FGF)
z)
A person who studies evolutionary relationships by comparing their structural
characteristics
Taxonomist