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Name: ________________________________________________ SCIENCE – GENETICIS May 27, 2008 Section #/color: ___/____________ G-1 Fathers and Mothers of Genetics Quickie Reference Sheet (From WIKIPEDIA.COM and Prentice Hall Text) SCIENTIST NAME PICTURE BIO Gregor Mendel (1822 – January 6, 1884) a german monk; referred to as the "father of genetics" for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants. Mendel showed that the inheritance of traits follows particular laws, which were later named after him. The significance of Mendel's work was not recognized until the turn of the 20th century. Its rediscovery in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s prompted the foundation of genetics. Reginald C. Punnett (Early 1900’s) Creator of the Punnett square, a tool in genetics which is used by biologists to predict the probability of possible genotypes of offspring. Karl Correns (1900) In studying four o’clock flowers made the discovery that some gene pairs do not have dominant or recessive alleles; instead they show a blend of the traits (incomplete dominance). Walther Flemming (1882) Discovered chromosomes, chromatin, mitosis (named it after the Greek word for “thread”). Walter Sutton (1902) Discovered that genes are located on the chromosomes. SCIENTIST NAME Hugo DeVries James Watson PICTURE BIO (1886) Discovered the concept of genetic mutation when studying and experimenting with primroses. (1862) Discovered the structure of DNA - The Double Helix Francis Crick Rosalind Franklin (1958) Took X-ray photographs of DNA that helped Watson and Crick (and Maurice Wilkins) discover the structure of DNA. Ian Wilmut (1996) English embryologist that was a supervisor of the team that cloned the first mammal (the sheep named Dolly). Barbara McClintock (1951 and 1983) Discovered genetic transposition – the idea that genes can change their location on a chromosome and can thereby turn the physical characteristics of an organisms on and off. …