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Curtis Science Dept. Name: Period: Biology Date: Chapter 10: Cell Growth and Division Vocabulary CARDS Cell division The process by which the cell divides into two new daughter cells. Chromatid One of two identical ‘sister’ parts of a duplicated chromosome Centromere The area in which the chromatids of a chromosome are attached. Interphase The period of the cell cycle between cell divisions. Cell cycle The series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. Mitosis Part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides. Prophase The first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus. Centriole One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope. Spindle A fan-like microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis. Metaphase The second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Anaphase The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles. Telophase The fourth and final phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material. Cytokinesis The division of the cytoplasm during cell division. Cyclin One of a family of closely related proteins that regulate the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells. Cancer A disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth.