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Transcript
NAME ____________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION REVIEW MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle all that are TRUE. There may be MORE THAN ONE correct answer. 1. Which of the following are TRUE of a cell membranes (choose more than one)? A. Cell membranes allow ALL substances to pass through easily B. It is selectively permeable so only certain molecules can pass through it. C. It acts more like a fluid than a solid because its molecules are constantly moving D. Cell membranes surround all animal, plant, and bacterial cells. E. It is a bilayer composed mainly of phospholipids and proteins 2. The nucleus includes all of the following EXCEPT ____________________ A. cytoplasm B. nuclear envelope C. DNA D. nucleolus 3. Substances produced in a cell and exported outside of the cell would pass through __________________ A. endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus B. mitochondria and Golgi apparatus C. nucleus and lysosomes D. vacuoles and mitochondria 4. Cells like muscle cells which require lots of energy would probably have many ____________________. A. nuclei B. flagella C. mitochondria D. lysosomes 5. Viruses, bacteria, and old organelles that a cell wants to get rid of are broken down in ______________ A. ribosomes B. mitochondria C. rough ER D. lysosomes 1 6. The structures that synthesize proteins in cells are the ____________________. A. ribosomes B. Golgi apparatus C. lysosomes D. vacuoles 7. The dark spot seen in the nucleus in non-dividing cells for ribosomes are made is called the ______________________ A. cristae B. nucleolus C. plastids D. cytosol 8. The cells organelles that are surrounded by DOUBLE MEMBRANES and contain their OWN DNA are the _________________ A. nucleus, ER, and lysosomes B. nucleus, vacuoles, and chloroplasts C. nucleus, chloroplasts, and mitochondria D. ER, Golgi bodies, and vacuoles 9. One difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that _____________________ A. prokaryotes are surrounded by a cell membrane and eukaryotes are not B. prokaryotes have a nucleus and eukaryotes don’t C. eukaryotes have DNA and prokaryotes don’t D. eukaryotes have membranes around their nucleus and organelles and prokaryotes don’t 10. Vacuoles are _______________ in plant cells than in animal cells. A. smaller B. larger 11. Which of the following organelles does the Endosymbiotic Theory suggest evolved from symbiotic relationships between prokaryotic cells? A. mitochondria B. Golgi bodies C. chloroplasts D. ribosomes 2 * * * * * * * * * * * * * Name two organelles found in plant cells that are NOT seen in animal cells. Chloroplast, cell wall, large vacuole Tell one way you can tell this cell is NOT A PLANT CELL. __no cell wall, no chloroplast_______________________ Tell one way you can tell this cell is NOT A BACTERIA. __it has a nucleus and organelles______________________________ TELL TWO (2) WAYS THE FOLLOWING ARE DIFFERENT? CILIA FLAGELLA Long Short Numerous and hair like * * * * Not as many and tail like * __plant_______ CELL * * * * * * * * * * * * ___animal_____ CELL ___bacterial_ CELL * * * * * 3 * * * * CHARACTERISTICS OF CELLS TRAIT Prokaryote or Eukaryote? Encloses Cytoplasm of Cell? BACTERIA Prokaryote PLANT CELL Eukaryote ANIMAL CELL Eukaryote Cell membrane Cell Membrane Cell membrane Presence of Nuclear Membrane? No Yes Yes Presence of Cell Wall? Yes Yes No DNA in Single or Multiple Chromosomes? Single Multiple Multiple No No Yes None Large Small Presence of Lysosomes? No No Yes With or without Centrioles? Without Without With No Yes No Very Small Small Small No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Presence of Cytoskeleton? Vacuoles --Small, Large, None? Chloroplasts? Cell Size --Small or Very Small? Mitochondria? Ribosomes? 4 * * * * * * * * * * * * * CELL THEORY 1. All living things are ______made of cells______________________. 2. Cells are the basic unit of ____structure___________ & ___function_____ in an organism (= basic unit of life) 3. Cells come from the reproduction of __existing cells___________________ * * * * * * * * * * * * English scientists who first saw “little boxes” in CORK that he named cells _____Hooke____________________ * Dutch microscope maker who was the first to observe LIVING cells _____Leeuwenhoek_______________________ Botanist who concluded that ALL PLANTS are made of cells ______Schleiden________________________ Zoologist who concluded that ALL ANIMALS are made of cells __________Schwann____________________ American biologist who provided evidence for the Endosymbiotic theory which explains the origin of chloroplasts & mitochondria _____Margulis___________________________ * * * * * * * * * * * * THE WORD BEGINS WITH? 1. Small structure in a cell that performs a specific function is the _O_ rganelle__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 2. Dark spot(s) in the nucleus where ribosomes are made would be the _N_ ucleolus__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 3. Sac of digestive enzymes = _L_ _ysosome_ __ __ __ __ __ __ 4. _R_ _ough_ __ __ __ ER is covered by ribosomes and sends its modified proteins to the Golgi apparatus. 5. The _C_ _ell _ __ __ _W_ _all __ __ is found outside the cell membrane in plants and bacteria and provides support and protection. 6. These sausage shaped organelles burn glucose and store the energy as ATP = _M_ _itochondria_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 7. The molecule used by cells to store genetic information = DNA__ __ __ 8. An organism with a nuclear membrane and organelles surrounded by membranes = _E_ ukaryote__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 5 * 9. The _N_ _ucleus_ __ __ __ __ __ is surrounded by a double membrane, contains the cells DNA, and acts as the control center. 10. One or two long, hair-like structures called _F_ lagella__ __ __ __ __ __ __ extend from the surface of cells and help move the cell. 11. The _C_ _ytoplasm_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is the gel-like material plus the cell’s organelles. 12. The function of ribosomes is to make _P_ _roteins_ __ __ __ __ __ __. 13. _P_ _lant_ __ __ __ and animal cells are both _E_ __ukaryotes_ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___. 14. ER is an abbreviation for _E_ _ndoplasmic_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _R_ _eticulum_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 15. _Smooth_ __ __ __ __ __ ER does NOT have ribosomes attached. 16. A _G_ olgi__ __ __ __ _B_ _ody_ __ __ looks like a stack of pancakes and packages molecules for transport out of the cell. 17. Space for storing food, water, enzymes, or waste = _V_ acuole__ __ __ __ __ __ 18. A _P_ _rokaryote_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is an organism like a bacteria with NO NUCLEAR MEMBRANE and NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES. 19. _R_ _ibosomes_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ are small structures that make proteins. 20. _B_ _acteria_ __ __ __ __ __ __ would be examples of cells that are PROKARYOTES. 21. Molecule used by mitochondria to store energy = ATP__ __ __ 22. _C_ ilia_ __ __ __ are many short hair-like structures on the surface of a cell that help move the cell or move substances past the cell. Modified from: http://brookings.k12.sd.us/biology 6