Download 2 - Blue Valley Schools

MOLECULAR GENETICS REVIEW SHEET
Chapters
Chapter 7
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 34
Cell Division and Mitosis
DNA Structure and Function
From DNA to Proteins
Reproduction and Development
Objectives
1. You should be familiar with the stages of the cell cycle and know the role of
the nuclear membrane, centrioles, and spindle fibers in this cycle.
2. You be able to explain the enzymatic steps involved in DNA replication and
know the general goal of the mitosis and the other stages of the cell cycle.
3. You should know the forms that DNA takes during the cell cycle and be
familiar with the structures associated with DNA coiling.
4. You should be able to name those scientists who contributed to our knowledge
of DNA’s function as hereditary information, as well as describe the details of
the experiments they conducted in order to make their specific conclusions.
5. You should be able to name those scientists who contributed to our knowledge
of DNA’s structure, as well as describe the general methods they used in
order to make their specific conclusions.
6. You should know the monomer of DNA, as well as the how individual
monomers bond to form a single strand and its complementary strand.
7. You should be familiar with the process of protein synthesis, and be able to
transcribe the information contained in a given gene into a mRNA strand, and
then translate the information in that mRNA strand into a series of amino
acids or protein.
8. You should be familiar with the location of the events in protein synthesis
including the many possible functions of the proteins produced.
10. You should be familiar with the stages of normal development and the
development of cancer, and the relationship of each to the cell cycle and
protein synthesis.
Vocabulary
Chapter 7
cell cycle
chromatin
diploid
prophase
nuclear membrane
nucleosomes
interphase
chromosome
gap 1
metaphase
centrioles
mitosis
sister chromatids
synthesis (s)
anaphase
spindle apparatus
cytokinesis
chromatid
gap 2
telophase
histones
Chapter 11
Frederick Griffith
heat killed
digesting enzymes
bacteriophages
sulfur label
fish sperm
pneumonia bacteria R-strain
transformation
transforming factor
extracts
Alfred Hershey
viruses
E. coli bacteria
phosphorous label Johann Meiescher
acid
phosphorous
deoxyribonucleic acid DNA
nucleotide
nitrogenous base five-carbon sugar adenine
guanine
cytosine
Erwin Chargaff
Rosalind Franklin x-ray diffraction
2 nm
0.34 nm
James Watson
Francis Crick
double strand
DNA replication
hydrogen bonds
base pair
sugar phosphate backbone semiconservative
DNA ligase
DNA repair
Chapter 12
protein synthesis
translation
codon
amino acid
ribosome
single strand
start codon
insertions
cancer
oncogene
base sequence
nucleus
tRNA
RNA polymerase
gene
mRNA
transfer RNA
rRNA
endoplasmic reticulum genetic code
temporary
nucleosome
stop codon
gene mutation
deletions
radiation
benign
malignant
proto-oncogene
apoptosis
S-strain
Oswald Avery
Martha Chase
radioactive isotopes
pus
nuclein
phosphate group
thymine
bonding rules
3.4 nm
double helix
enzymes
DNA polymerase
transcription
messanger RNA
anticodon
ribosomal RNA
uracil
proteins
base pair substitution
carcinogens
metastasis
growth factor
Chapter 34
gametes
gastrulation
fertilization
organ formation
cleavage
blastula
tissue specialization
Other
vesicles
golgi bodies
transport proteins