Download Transcription and Translation Exercise

Transcription and Translation Exercise
1. A portion of the kernel pigment gene (in corn) is shown below. This portion of the
gene encodes the very first part of the kernel pigment protein. Use the base sequence for
mRNA to complete the columns on the following table. Be sure to include the polarity of
the DNA and tRNA strands.
DNA
mRNA
5’
G
G
U
C
U
A
U
G
U
C
A
G
G
C
C
A
C
C
U
G
C
C
G
C
G
G
A
C
U3’
Complement
Gene/template
tRNA
2. Describe the relationship between the gene sequence and the mRNA sequence.
3. Describe the relationship between the gene sequence and the tRNA sequence.
4. If the coding region of a protein coding gene contains 300 DNA nucleotides, how
many amino acids will be used in protein synthesis?
5. If a protein has 150 amino acids, how many DNA nucleotides would make up the
coding region of the gene?
6. What is the amino acid sequence for the very first part of the kernel pigment protein in
the exercise above?
7. The allele of the gene above is dominant and codes for red kernel pigment (it is
designated as R). Another allele of this gene, the r allele (which is recessive), codes for
white kernel pigment and is the result of a mutation in the R allele. In the r allele, the
second nucleotide (base) in the second codon of the open reading frame (or coding
region) is an adenine.
What does the second codon in the r allele code for?
8. A protein has the following amino acid sequence. Construct a DNA nucleotide
sequence of this portion of the gene.
Phenylalanine-Glycine-Glycine-Alanine-Proline-Valine-Asparagine-Alanine
9. If you compared your sequence to one constructed by a classmate, would you expect to
see any variations? What would be the reason for the difference?
10. Complete the following table:
Nucleotide Components and Function
Nucleic Acid Type
DNA
Name of the sugar present
in nucleotides
Name of bases present in
nucleotides
Function of the type of
nucleic acid
Describe the relative size
and number of stands in
each of the nucleic acids
Where can you find each
of these in a eukaryotic
cell?
mRNA
tRNA