Download Final spring 2016

Final spring 2016
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Avery’s experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by
____
2. What did Griffith observe when he injected a mixture of heat-killed, disease-causing bacteria and live harmless bacteria
into mice?
____
3. What would Hershey and Chase have concluded if both radioactive 32P and 35S were found in the bacteria in their
experiment?
Figure 12–1
____
4. Figure 12–1 shows the structure of a(an)
____
5. Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
____
6. Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of
____
7. In eukaryotes, DNA
____
8. During mitosis, the
____
9. Which of the following include all the others?
____ 10. DNA is copied during a process called
____ 11. DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
____ 12. During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
____ 13. RNA contains the sugar
____ 14. Unlike DNA, RNA contains
____ 15. Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
____ 16. How many main types of RNA are there?
____ 17. Which type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis?
____ 18. Which of the following are copied from DNA?
____ 19. What is produced during transcription?
____ 20. During transcription, an RNA molecule is formed
____ 21. Which of the following statements is true?
Figure 12–2
____ 22. What does Figure 12–2 show?
____ 23. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
____ 24. Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of codon?
____ 25. What happens during the process of translation?
____ 26. Which of the following terms is LEAST closely related to the others?
____ 27. During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the
____ 28. Genes contain instructions for assembling
____ 29. Which type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code?
____ 30. Which of the following statements is false?
____ 31. A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides is called a(an)
____ 32. Which of the following is NOT a gene mutation?
____ 33. Which of the following is NEVER a frameshift mutation?
____ 34. A promoter is a
____ 35. Which of the following statements is true?
____ 36. If a specific kind of protein is not continually used by a cell, the gene for that protein is
____ 37. In E. coli, the lac operon controls the
____ 38. A lac repressor turns off the lac genes by
____ 39. When E. coli is grown on glucose,
____ 40. Which of the following is NOT generally part of a eukaryotic gene?
____ 41. Gene regulation in eukaryotes
____ 42. Specialized cells regulate the expression of genes because they
____ 43. Hox genes determine an animal’s
____ 44. Which of the following statements is false?
____ 45. Hox genes
Completion
Complete each statement.
Figure 12–1
46. The structure labeled X in Figure 12–1 is a(an) ____________________.
47. The Watson and Crick model of DNA is a(an) _________________________, in which two strands are wound around
each other.
48. Chromatin contains proteins called ____________________.
49. In RNA, ____________________ and ____________________ are pyrimidines.
Figure 12–3
50. In Figure 12–3, A, B, and C are three types of ____________________.
51. During transcription, the _________________________ between base pairs are broken.
52. The order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the order of ____________________ in proteins.
53. There is no ____________________ that is specified by a stop codon on an mRNA molecule.
54. The ____________________ of a tRNA molecule determines the type of amino acid that bonds with the tRNA.
55. Suppose that part of an amino acid sequence of a protein changed from tyrosine-proline-glycine-alanine to
tyrosine-histidine-glycine-alanine. This change was most likely caused by a point mutation called a(an)
____________________.
56. A point mutation will cause the cell to make an incomplete polypeptide if the mutation results in a(an)
____________________.
57. A typical gene consists of regulatory sites, a(an) ____________________, and the nucleotide sequence that is transcribed.
58. The lac repressor releases the operator in the presence of ____________________.
59. In eukaryotes, proteins that attract RNA polymerase bind to ____________________ sequences in DNA.
60. A mutation in a series of genes called ____________________ can change the organs that develop in specific parts of an
embryo.
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 12–4
61. Inferring From which labeled structure in Figure 12–4 is structure D made? Identify that labeled structure.
62. Interpreting Graphics Identify structure F in Figure 12–4. What does it specify?
63. Interpreting Graphics What is structure E in Figure 12–4? What does it specify?
64. Predicting What would happen to structure F in Figure 12–4 if structure C were deleted?
65. Predicting In Figure 12–4, what effect would the deletion of structure C have on the process that occurs during step Y?