Download Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell Notes

Comparing Prokaryotic Cells with
Eukaryotic Cells
• Cells in our world come in two basic types,
prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
• "Karyose" comes from a Greek word which means
"kernel," as in a kernel of grain. In biology, we use this
word root to refer to the nucleus of a cell.
• "Pro" means "before," and "eu" means "true," or
"good." So "Prokaryotic" means "before a nucleus,"
and "eukaryotic" means "possessing a true nucleus."
Prokaryotic Cell
• Believed to be the first cells
to evolve.
• No “true” nucleus
•
Lack a membrane bound
nucleus
• No membrane bound
organelles.
• Ribosomes are only
organelle.
Prokaryotic Organisms
•
•
•
•
•
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms
The largest group of organisms,
mostly due to the vast assortment of
bacteria which comprise the bulk of
the prokaryote classification.
Kingdom Monera has been SPLITArchaebacteria, Eubacteria
Archaebacteria-hot springs, deep
ocean vents
•
Halobacterium, Thermophiles
Eubacteria- everywhere
•
Examples: Staphylococcus, Escherichia
coli (E. coli), Streptococcus
Types of Bacteria
Coccus
Staphylococcus aureus
Bacillus
Escherichia coli (E. coli )
Organelles of Prokaryotic Organisms
• Cell Wall
• Cytoplasm
• Cell Membrane
• Ribosomes
Eukaryotic Organism
• “True nucleus”; contained in
a membrane bound
structure.
• Membrane bound
organelles.
• Thought to have evolved
from prokaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic Cell
•
•
•
•
•
Eukaryotes are generally more
advanced than prokaryotes.
ALL multicellular organisms contain
eukaryotic cells
Kingdoms:Protista, Fungi, Plantae
and Animalia
Protista-UNICELLULAR
•
Examples: Paramecium, Euglena, Amoeba
(Yeast-Fungi)
Fungi, Plantae, AnimaliaMULTICELLULAR
•
Examples: Mushroom, Moss, Salmon
Eukaryotic Organelles
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrion
Cell Membrane
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Vacuole
Lysosome
Plants/Fungi
•
•
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Eukaryotic Cells come in ALL shapes &
sizes!
Red Blood Cells
Human Bone Cells
Heart Muscle Cells
Brain Cell