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Transcript
Chapter 16 Evolution of Populations Variation and Gene Pools • Gene Pool :All genes (and diff’t alleles) present in a population • Relative frequency: how often an allele shows up in a gene pool • Evolution: is a group process “ any change in the relative frequency of alleles in a population” Activity Long 2nd toe Gene Pool Relative Frequency Pinky toe Longer- 4 Present- all Shorter- 11 Equal- 6 Longer – 19% PinkyShorter – 52% 100% Equal – 29% Hair on toes Hair- 20 No hair-3 hair- 87% - no hair-13% Evolution of the toe • Toes are short, which make humans great long distance runners • Short toes are great for push off during running (toes are for balance too) • The pinky toes – are not used for running…so it may be possible that people may start being born without them… Sources of genetic variation • Mutations: may occur because of a mistake in DNA replication or radiation and chemicals • Gene Shuffling: normal…. - you don’t look exactly like brothers and sisters - you don’t look exactly like your parents Gene Shuffling Activity MOM GENES DAD GENES KID 1 KID 2 KID 3 Single Gene Traits • Controlled by one gene • 2 alleles, dominant and recessive • ACTIVITY • Tongue rolling: • Widow’s peak Hitchhiker's Thumb Regular Thumb Polygenic traits • • • • Traits controlled by 2 or more genes Ex? “It’s NOT black or white” -phenotypes would result in a bell curve
