Download 25_2 RNA Structure and Function

25.2 RNA Structure and Function
1. RNA
a. = ribonucleic acid (almost the same as DNA)
b. Same general structure as DNA (sugar, phosphate group,
nitrogenous base)
c. RNA has complementary nitrogenous bases:
i. Adenine (purine) – ____________ (pyrimidine)
ii. Guanine (purine) -Cytosine (pyrimidine)
d. Single-stranded
2. Comparison of DNA and RNA (fill in using notes and/or p.506)
DNA
ribose
Sugar
Bases
RNA
Adenine – Thymine
Cytosine – Guanine
A & G are purines
C & T are
pyrimidines
Strands
Helix
Double-stranded
no
3. Types of RNA (structure and function):
a. All three types of RNA are involved in protein ____________
and gene ____________.
b. Each of the three types has a____________ roll.
c. DNA serves as the ____________ for all three types.
d. Three types of RNA:
i. ____________ RNA (or mRNA):
1. Produced in ____________ (or in nucleic acid for
prokaryotes  organisms w/o a nucleus, e.g.
bacteria)
2. ____________ all DNA is actually expressed
3. DNA that is ____________ is sent out beyond
the ____________ to be ____________
Expression occurs through ____________
synthesis
4. mRNA is a ____________ of genetic information
based on ____________
5. mRNA travels from nucleus to ____________ e to
carry out protein ____________
ii. Transfer RNA (or tRNA):
1. Produced in ____________
2. Transfers single ____________ acids to
____________ (location of protein synthesis in
the cells)
iii. Ribosomal RNA (or rRNA)
1. Produced in ____________ of nucleus
2. Joins with ____________ in ____________ to
form ____________ of ribosome (site of protein
____________ in cells)
3. Subunits join together to form ____________
CYP p.506 #1-2
Simulation (link also accessible on homework page):
http://www.johnkyrk.com/DNAtranscription.html
25.2 RNA Structure and Function
1. RNA
a. = ribonucleic acid (almost the same as DNA)
b. Same general structure as DNA (sugar, phosphate group,
nitrogenous base)
c. RNA has complementary nitrogenous bases:
i. Adenine (purine) – Uracil (pyrimidine)
ii. Guanine (purine) -Cytosine (pyrimidine)
d. Single-stranded
2. Comparison of DNA and RNA (fill in using notes and/or p.506)
DNA
RNA
Sugar
deoxyribose
ribose
Bases
Adenine – Thymine
Adenine – Uracil
Cytosine – Guanine
Cytosine – Guanine
A & G are purines
C & T are
pyrimidines
A & G are purines
C & U are
pyrimidines
Strands
Double-stranded
Single-stranded
Helix
Double-helix
YES!
no
3. Types of RNA (structure and function):
a. All three types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis and
gene expression.
b. Each of the three types has a unique roll.
c. DNA serves as the template for all three types.
d. Three types of RNA:
i. Messenger RNA (or mRNA):
1. Produced in nucleus (or in nucleic acid for
prokaryotes  organisms w/o a nucleus, e.g.
bacteria)
2. Not all DNA is actually expressed
3. DNA that is transcribed is sent out beyond the
nucleus to be expressed
4. Expression occurs through protein synthesis
5. mRNA is a section of genetic information based
on DNA
6. mRNA travels from nucleus to ribosome to carry
out protein synthesis
ii. Transfer RNA (or tRNA):
1. Produced in nucleus
2. Transfers single amino acids to ribosomes
(location of protein synthesis in the cells)
iii. Ribosomal RNA (or rRNA)
1. Produced in nucleolus of nucleus
2. Joins with proteins in cytoplasm to form subunits
of ribosome (site of protein synthesis in cells)
3. Subunits join together to form ribosome
CYP p.506 #1-2
http://www.johnkyrk.com/DNAtranscription.html