Download DNA Review - East Pennsboro High School

What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
_______ is the enzyme that
chemically links Okazaki
fragments together
DNA Ligase
What is located at the
BOTTOM of a tRNA molecule?
Anti-codon sequence
Where in the cell is DNA
found?
Nucleus
Scientifically, describe the
shape of the DNA molecule.
Double Helix
What is a benefit of
semiconservative DNA
replication?
Helps reduce the number of
copying errors
Why is transcription
important?
Gets the DNA code out of the
NUCLEUS!
What is located at the top
of tRNA?
Amino acid
What are the 2 types of
purines?
Adenine, Guanine
What is the complement to
this side of a DNA molecule?:
TGGACTA
ACCTGAT
How many pairs of
chromosomes does a human
have in their body cells?
23
How many hydrogen bonds
are found between A-T?
2
Where can mRNA be
found?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosome
A segment of DNA that codes
for a protein is called a ______
Gene
What are the 3 parts of the
DNA molecule?
Phosphate group
Deoxyribose Sugar
Nitrogen Base
______is the DNA strand that
is discontinuously built into
small Okazaki fragments
during replication
Lagging Strand
What sugar is present in
RNA?
ribose
What type of replication
occurs when DNA replicates?
Semiconservative Replication
______________ are short
segment of DNA synthesized
discontinuously in small
segments in the 3’-5’ direction
by DNA polymerase.
Okazaki Fragments
What nitrogen bases are
present in RNA?
A, U, C, G
What is chromatin?
Uncoiled DNA
What type of bond holds
together the nitrogen bases?
Hydrogen
What scientists are credited
with the “base-pairing” rules?
Watson & Crick
DNA that is coiled would
be called?
Chromosome
When does the DNA
replicate?
Cell division/Interphase
(before mitosis)
In what direction can DNA
synthesis only occur?
5’-3’
How many hydrogen bonds
are found between C-G?
3
Going from mRNA to a
protein is called _______.
Translation
During DNA replication, what
causes the hydrogen bonds to
break?
An Enzyme (DNA Helicase)
What is the tRNA
complement to this mRNA?:
AUGCAU
UACGUA
What is located at bottom
of tRNA?
Anti-codons
Who discovered DNA in
1928?
Frank Griffith
What polymer makes up or
hair color, bone length, etc..?
Protein
What is the shape of
mRNA?
Single helix
What are the 2 types of
pyrimidines?
Thymine, Cytosine
What is the function of
tRNA?
tRNA anticodons bond w/
mRNA codons to insure the
correct order of amino acids
_______ is the enzyme runs
along the parent chain of DNA
and bonds free floating
nucleotides to those of the
parent (original) chain-- based
on base pairing rules
DNA Polymerase
What sugar is present in
DNA?
Deoxyribose
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
How many strands of mRNA
are transcribed from the two
“unzipped” strands of DNA?
1
What nitrogen bases are
present in DNA?
A, T, C, G
How is the accuracy of the
DNA code assured?
Base-pairing rules
_________ is the DNA strand
that is continuously built by the
addition of nucleotides to the 3’
end during replication
Leading Strand
Going from DNA to mRNA
is called _________.
Transcription
What is the mRNA complement
to this side of a DNA molecule:
AACGTAT
UUGCAUA
How does the mRNA get
out of the nucleus?
Nuclear pore
Identify this molecule.
DNA
What is located at the TOP
of a tRNA molecule?
Amino acids
Where does translation
occur?
Ribosome
What is the function of
mRNA?
To get the DNA code out of
the nucleus
What are proteins made
up of?
Amino acids
Where must the mRNA attach
before protein production can
begin?
Ribosome
Where does transcription
occur?
Nucleus
Identify this molecule.
tRNA
How many nitrogen bases
make up a mRNA codon?
3
What type of bond is formed
between amino acids during
translation?
Peptide bond
Identify this molecule.
mRNA
What is the function of
rRNA?
Creates peptide bonds
between the amino acids