Download Organelles

Organelles
Little organs of the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• E.R. is a complex system of
membranes.
• These membranes help to transport
materials around in the cell.
• Acts like a highway system.
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
•
Membranes do NOT have ribosomes
attached to them.
Smooth E.R. membranes are where
* synthesis of lipids
* steroids are produced (gland cells)
* toxic substances (alcohol) are broken
down (liver cells)
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
• Ribosomes attached to the membranes
give a “rough” appearance
• Proteins are produced on the ribosomes
and then transferred through the rough
e.r. membranes
Golgi Apparatus
• Series of membranes that aid in
– 1. processing
– 2. modifying
– 3. packaging and secreting (exporting
proteins)
Lysosomes
• Small spherical (round) organelles that store
strong hydrolytic (acidic) enzymes.
• Lysosomes are common in animals, protists
and fungal cells.
• Enzymes can digest (breakdown):
a. Bacteria, viruses, sugars, proteins, and old
worn out cell parts.
Vacuoles: Plants
• Plants: Large central vacuole
• Takes up the majority of the space in the
plant cell.
– Stores large quantities of water
– Stores metabolic waste products
– Stores enzymes
Nucleolus
• Spherical area inside the nucleus where
ribosomes are produced
Flagella
• Structure on cell that helps in movement
• Whip-like structure