Download What are cell parts and their functions?

Eukaryotic Cell
Organelle Notes
Plant & Animal Cells
cell wall ( Plant ONLY)
The cell wall is in plant cells and not animal cells.
Made of cellulose and it’s strong & stiff
Provides shape, support and protects the cell
from the outside elements.
It’s like a wall that surrounds a medieval city.
cell membrane (In BOTH)
It completely surrounds all
cells.
The cell membrane holds
and protects the cell. It
controls what substances
come into and out of the
cell.
Like a license check by
police on a main road into
the a city.
Cytoplasm (In ALL cells)
The cytoplasm is clear, thick, gel-like material in
which cell parts move around in and cell
activities take place.
 Like the sidewalks found in a city.
mitochondria (In BOTH)
Looks like a jelly bean
Breaks down sugar molecules to release
energy.
Most of a cells energy comes from here.
Like a city’s power plant.
Nicknamed the “Powerhouse” or “Powerplant”
Lysosomes (In BOTH)
 Small and Round in shape
 Break Down larger food molecules into smaller bits
 Digest old part cells
 Like a waste recycling center in the city
Vacuoles (In BOTH)
Stores the cells food,
water, waste, and
extra chemicals.
Plant cells have ONE
large vacuole
Animal cells have
many little vacuoles
Like water towers,
warehouses, and
garbage dumps in a
city.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
(In BOTH)
Transports materials
throughout the cell on
a network of tubes
Surrounds the
nucleus
Two types: smooth
and rough
Like the roads in a
city
Chloroplast (Plant ONLY)
 The chloroplast is only in plant cells.
 It contains chlorophyll (GREEN).
 It captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce
its own food, this is called Photosynthesis.
 It’s like the fast food places in a city.
Nucleus (In BOTH)
 The nucleus regulates and
controls cell activities.
 Large oval shaped.
Centrally located.
 Contains genetic material
(DNA).
 The “brain” of the cell, also
called the “Control Center”
 Like the mayor’s office in a
city.
nuclear membrane (In BOTH)
The nuclear membrane protects the nucleus
and also allows substances to pass in and out
of just the nucleus.
“Gate of the Nucleus”
Chromosomes (In BOTH)
 Found in a cell’s nucleus.
 Direct the activities of the cells
 Like a mayor in the city.
Ribosomes (In BOTH)
 Attached to the ER or floating free in the cytoplasm
 Produces proteins
 Smallest organelle in a cell
 Like a construction site in a city
Golgi Bodies (In BOTH)
Looks like a
flattened stack
of pancakes
Processes
and packages
the proteins
Like the UPS
or post office
in a city
Nucleolus (In BOTH)
Center of Nucleus
Area of condensed
DNA
Where Ribosomes
are made
1. Choose the wrong statement from the
following.
a) Mitochondria produces most of the
energy for the cell.
b) Chloroplasts are “food producers.”
c) Cell wall controls the movements of
materials into and out of the cell.
d) Nucleus regulates and controls all cell
activities, acting as the “brain” of
the cell.
2. Match the cell part to the description.
1) Cytoplasm
2) Nuclear membrane
3) Vacuoles
a. Gate of the nucleus
b. Area of movement where cell parts move
c. Storage tanks