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Human Physiology
Cells and Their
Environment
Chapter 3
Cells and Their Environment
Approximately 70% of the total body
water content is found within cells, and
is called _______________________.
ANSWER
Cells and Their Environment
Approximately 70% of the total body
water content is found within cells, and
is called intracellular fluid or cytoplasm.
Diffusion
Which of the following are more
likely to diffuse across a
membrane?
A. Glucose.
B. Oxygen and carbon dioxide.
C. Proteins.
D. All of the above
ANSWER
Diffusion
Which of the following are more
likely to diffuse across a
membrane?
A. Glucose.
B. Oxygen and carbon dioxide.
C. Proteins.
D. All of the above
Diffusion
Soaking a de-calcified egg in a
high fructose solution will cause
the egg to
A. shrink.
B. swell.
C. stays the same.
D. None of the above.
ANSWER
Diffusion
Soaking a de-calcified egg in a
high fructose solution will cause
the egg to
A. shrink.
B. swell.
C. stays the same.
D. None of the above.
Diffusion
With respect to the sodium-potassium pump,
which of the following is correct?
A. 3 Na+ exit cell while 2 K+ enter the cell.
B. 3 Na+ enter cell while 2 K+ exit the cell.
C. 2 Na+ exit cell while 3 K+ enter the cell.
D. 2 Na+ enter cell while 3 K+ exit the cell.
D. None of the above.
ANSWER
Diffusion
With respect to the sodium-potassium pump,
which of the following is correct?
A. 3 Na+ exit cell while 2 K+ enter the cell.
B. 3 Na+ enter cell while 2 K+ exit the cell.
C. 2 Na+ exit cell while 3 K+ enter the cell.
D. 2 Na+ enter cell while 3 K+ exit the cell.
D. None of the above.
Cell Membrane Trasport
Which of the following forms of endocytosis
involves the entry of fluid particles into a
cell?
A. Receptor-mediated.
B. Pinocytosis.
C. Phagocytosis.
D. Ca+2 pump.
D. None of the above.
ANSWER
Cell Membrane Trasport
Which of the following forms of endocytosis
involves the entry of fluid particles into a
cell?
A. Receptor-mediated.
B. Pinocytosis.
C. Phagocytosis.
D. Ca+2 pump.
D. None of the above.
Cell Membrane Transport
Oral rehydration therapy is effective in treating
chronic diarrhea specifically due to the
__________of glucose and Na+ across intestinal
cell wall membranes.
A. simple diffusion
B. facilitated diffusion
C. osmosis
D. co-transport
ANSWER
E. counter-transport
Cell Membrane Transport
Oral rehydration therapy is effective in treating
chronic diarrhea specifically due to the
__________of glucose and Na+ across intestinal
cell wall membranes.
A. simple diffusion
B. facilitated diffusion
C. osmosis
D. co-transport
E. counter-transport
Cell Membrane Transport
Which type of passive transport involves movment
of particles across a membrane based on fluid
pressure?
A. Simple diffusion
B. Filtration
C. Osmosis
D. Na+/K+ pump
E. Facilitated diffusion
ANSWER
Cell Membrane Transport
Which type of passive transport involves movment
of particles across a membrane based on fluid
pressure?
A. Simple diffusion
B. Filtration
C. Osmosis
D. Na+/K+ pump
E. Facilitated diffusion
Diffusion and Osmosis
Which of the following will result in
an increase in diffusion rate across
the membrane?
A. Higher concentration gradient.
B. Freely permeable membrane.
C. Less surface area.
D. All of the above
ANSWER
E. A and B only
Diffusion and Osmosis
Which of the following will result in
an increase in diffusion rate across
the membrane?
A. Higher concentration gradient.
B. Freely permeable membrane.
C. Less surface area.
D. All of the above
E. A and B only
Membrane Potential
This ion is primarily responsible for
maintaining the resting membrane
potential of excitable cells.
A. Sodium.
B. Potassium.
C. Chloride.
D. Protein.
ANSWER
E. Calcium.
Membrane Potential
This ion is primarily responsible for
maintaining the resting membrane
potential of excitable cells.
A. Sodium.
B. Potassium.
C. Chloride.
D. Protein.
E. Calcium.
Membrane Potential
In order for an action potential to occur, which of the
following channels must open in response to cell
stimulation above its thresh-hold potential?
A. Ca+2
B. K+
C. H+
D. Na+
E. Cl-
ANSWER
Membrane Potential
In order for an action potential to occur, which of the
following channels must open in response to cell
stimulation above its thresh-hold potential?
A. Ca+2
B. K+
C. H+
D. Na+
E. Cl-
Membrane Potential
After stimulation exceeding its thresh-hold potential a
cell membrane’s potential briefly changes to
___________________________, causing formation
of an action potential.
A. -30
B. -50
C. -70
D. +30
E. +70
ANSWER
Membrane Potential
After stimulation exceeding its thresh-hold potential a
cell membrane’s potential briefly changes to
___________________________, causing formation
of an action potential.
A. -30
B. -50
C. -70
D. +30
E. +70
Cell Signaling
The use of a chemical messenger to
transfer information from one cell type to
another cell type within a single tissue is
referred to as paracrine signaling.
Cell Signaling
A typical flow of information in a signal transduction
pathway would be:
A. hormone → second messenger → receptor →
biological response
B. hormone → second messenger → receptor →
biological response
C. receptor → second messenger → biological response
→ G protein
D. receptor → G protein → second messenger →
biological response
ANSWER
Cell Signaling
A typical flow of information in a signal transduction
pathway would be:
A. hormone → second messenger → receptor →
biological response
B. hormone → second messenger → receptor →
biological response
C. receptor → second messenger → biological response
→ G protein
D. receptor → G protein → second messenger →
biological response