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Name: _____________KEY______________ Date: ___________________ Transcription and Translation Worksheet – ANSWER KEY Replicate what you’ve learned by translating your knowledge into good answers and transcribing them onto this sheet. (Three. Three puns. Yes, I went there.) 1) Fill in the complementary bases for the blank DNA strand given below: 2) Complete the following tables by filling in the DNA sequence, mRNA codons, and tRNA anticodons, as well as the amino acids expected in the final protein (using the mRNA codons table handed out to you): DNA mRNA tRNA AA TAC AUG UAC Met DNA mRNA tRNA AA DNA mRNA tRNA AA TAC AUG UAC Met CGC GCG CGC Ala TAC AUG UAC Met TCC AGG UCC Arg TGA ACU UGA Thr CAC GUG CAC Val TCG AGC UCG Ser CCC GGG CCC Gly GCC CGG GCC Arg ACC UGG ACC Trp CGT GCA CGU Ala GTC CAG GUC Gln CCC GGG CCC Gly ATG UAC AUG Tyr GAC CUG GAC Leu ATA UAU AUA Tyr GCT CGA GCU Arg AAT UUA AAU Leu ATG UAC AUG Tyr GGG CCC GGG Pro ACC UGG ACC Trp AAA UUU AAA Phe AAT UUA AAU Leu ACT UGA ACU Stop ATC UAG AUC Stop ATC UAG AUC Stop Name: _____________KEY______________ Date: ___________________ 3) Create an mRNA strand based off of the given DNA template strand: 5’ – A U G A A G G A U A A A A G A A C A G U G G C G U G A – 5’ 4) Using the mRNA codon chart, determine the amino acid sequence for the mRNA sequence determined in question 2. Met – Lys – Asp – Lys – Arg – Thr – Val – Ala - STOP 5) If a mutation occurred to the fourth base in the DNA template strand (thymine) and a substitution occurred such that guanine replaced the thymine, would the final protein be changed? If so, how? The final protein WILL change. The second amino acid will be GLUTAMINE instead of LYSINE. 6) If a substitution occurred to the 6th base in the DNA template strand, such that cytosine was changed to thymine, would the final protein change? Why? No. Initially, the DNA strand had the triplet TTC – this created the mRNA codon AAG. If we change the template to TTT, the new codon would be AAA. Both AAG and AAA code for lysine, so the final protein should still turn out the same (thanks to the redundancy in the genetic code)! 7) Consider the following double-stranded DNA molecule: 5’ – ATGTGTAGTGCGAGTTGA – 3’ 3’ – TACACATCACGCTCAACT – 5’ a) Which of these two strands will act as the template strand for transcription? The 3’ 5’ strand. b) What would be the amino acid sequence coded for by the template strand of the DNA molecule above? Met – Cys – Ser – Ala – Ser – STOP Name: _____________KEY______________ Date: ___________________ c) If the last base in the underlined sequence on the template strand was changed to to a “C” (cytosine), how would the protein be changed? This would cause the final serine to be changed to an arginine. The sequence in the protein will now be: Met – Cys – Ser – Ala – Arg - STOP d) If the 4th base (reading from the left) in the DNA template strand was deleted (removed) by radiation, how would the amino acid sequence in the final protein be affected? The whole sequence after the deletion will be affected because you’ll still be reading three bases at a time, so the “reading frame” has shifted. The new amino acid sequence will be: Met – Val – Val – Arg – Val There is no longer a proper stop codon, either. The new protein will barely resemble the original.