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Transcript
The Cell and Its Structures - many cells in your body have characteristics in common with microscopic organisms or cells in a tree or flower. - one way to understand complex organisms (such as humans) is to study simple organisms that are only a single cell big - humans and most other larger organisms are multicellular - single celled organisms are referred to as unicellular (nothing to do with phones) Note: you looked at some unicellular organisms last week (e.g. Euglena, paramecium, diatoms, etc) - The onion cells showed us what simple plant cells look like - We’ll get a chance to look at animal cells later on Cell Parts - every cell must carry out basic functions to stay alive (obtaining materials and supplies for energy, making products and getting rid of wastes) - to carry out these functions, cells must have certain internal structures known as organelles A – Cell membrane – surrounds and protects the contents of the cell B – Cytoplasm – jellylike substance inside the cell that supports other structures and distributes materials to other organelles C – Nucleus – controls the cell’s activities (like the brain in humans) D – Vacuoles – balloonlike spaces within the cytoplasm used for storage E – Cell Wall – occurs only in cells of plants and fungi – thicker and more rigid than cell membranes and are made of a tough material called cellulose F – Chloroplasts – structures within plants and some unicellular organism – responsible for photosynthesis PLANT CELL