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Transcript
Classwork: Cell structure and classification Group no._405 Name_Valeria Elizondo Sada ID_A01194577 All cells are classified as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus, while eukaryotic cell do. Only bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes, all other organisms are eukaryotes. Prokaryotes also do not have the membrane bound organelles found in eukaryotes. Organelles are small membranous bodies, each with a specific structure and function. Prokaryotes do have cytoplasm, which is the material bounded by a plasma membrane. The cytoplasm contains ribosomes, small granules that carry out protein synthesis; thylakoids (only in cyanobacteria) that participate in photosynthesis; and enzymes. Prokaryotes have a nucleoid region which is a chromosome composed largely of DNA. Eukaryotic cells include animal cells and plant cells. The nucleus in a eukaryotic cell is bound by a nuclear envelope and contains nucleoplasm. The cytoplasm, found between the plasma membrane and the nucleus, consists of fluid filled with organelles. Many of the organelles are separated from the surrounding cytoplasm by a membrane. Not all of the organelles found in plant cells are found in animal cells and vice versa. Materials: Copy of the activity, one per student Computer· http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/cell_structure/cell_ structure.htm If you cannot access this site directly, do a Google or Bing search for cell animations, then click on to concepts in biochemistry –interactive. Colored pencils or pen and pencil Instructions: 1. Use your computer to access the website given by your teacher to answer the following questions. 2. Turn in your activity via discussion board Part A: Prokaryotic cells 1. Using the animation, write the different cell components found in prokaryotic cells and mention their function. Celular component or organelle function 1 Flegellum Asist in movement and may play a role in sexual conjucation. Ribosomes The sites of protein synthesis Mesosome Permeable boundary that allows for entry and exit of nutrients and waste, and may play a role in DNA replication. Nucleoid region Storage of genetic information, the site of DNA replication. Cell wall Protects against mechanical and hypertonic stress. Pili Asist in adhesion in sexual conjucation 2. Draw and label the prokaryotic cell using all the cellular components found in the above chart. This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the space provided. Part B: Animal cells 1. Using the animation, write the different cell components or organelles found in animal cells and mention their function. 2 Celular component or organelle function Lysosomes Metabolism of materials ingested by endocytosis. Cytoplasm Provides shape to cells, region were many metabolic reaction occurs Mitochondria Site of energy metabolism and synthesis of high-energy ATP Nucleous Cell Membrane Selectively permeable boundary for enty and exit of nutrients and waste where some important enzyme activity found. Smooth endoplasmic Reticulum Transport system for liquids and nutrients in the cell Golgi Apparatus Responsible for the secretion of waste products from the cell Peroxime Oxidative metabolism of nutrients using oxygen to generate water Nucleus Storage site of genetic information, the site of DNA replication and its transcriprion to RNA 3. Draw and label the animal cell using all the cellular components found in the above chart. This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the space provided. 3 Part C: Plant cell 1. Using the animation, write the different cell components found in plant cells and mention their function. Celular component or organelle Mitochondria Glyoxysomes Golgi Apparatus Chloroplast Cell Wall function Site of energy metabolism and synthesis of high-energy ATP Vesicles found in the cytoplasm that carry out certain enzymatic reactions. Responsible for the secretion of waste products from the cell. Site of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy (ATP) Selectively permeable boundary for entry and exit of nutrients and waste where some importanta enzyme activity is found. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Surface on which ribosomes bind for protein synthesis Chloroplast Site of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy (ATP) Vacuole Smooth Endoplasmic Storage of nutrients and water Transport system for liquids and nutrients in the cell. 4 Reticulum Ribosomes The sites of protein synthesis. 4. Draw and label the plant cell using all the cellular components found in the above chart. This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the space provided. 5 Analysis Questions: 1. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? The nucleous 2. Which types of cells are prokaryotic? Bacteria and archae 3. Which types of cells are eukaryotic? The ones that have a nucleus. 4. What organelles do plants cells have that animal cells don´t? Cell Wall, chloroplast. 5. What organelles do animal cells have that plant cells don´t? Lysosomes, centiroles Evaluation Criteria 3 2 1 Part A Student completed the chart, and drew the prokaryotic cell correcty Student completed the chart and the drawing, but with errors Student did not complete the chart or the drawing Part B Student completed the chart, and drew the animal cell correcty Student completed the chart and the drawing, but with errors Student did not complete the chart or the drawing Part C Student completed the chart, and drew the plant cell correcty Student completed the chart and the drawing, but with errors Student did not complete the chart or the drawing 6 Analysis questions Student answered all 5 questions correctly Task completion Student finished the activity on time Student answered all 3-4 questions correctly Student answered 1-2 questions correctly Student did not finish the activity on time 7