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Classwork: Cell structure and classification
Group no._405
Name_Valeria Elizondo Sada
ID_A01194577
All cells are classified as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a
nucleus, while eukaryotic cell do. Only bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes, all other
organisms are eukaryotes. Prokaryotes also do not have the membrane bound organelles
found in eukaryotes. Organelles are small membranous bodies, each with a specific structure
and function. Prokaryotes do have cytoplasm, which is the material bounded by a plasma
membrane. The cytoplasm contains ribosomes, small granules that carry out protein
synthesis; thylakoids (only in cyanobacteria) that participate in photosynthesis; and enzymes.
Prokaryotes have a nucleoid region which is a chromosome composed largely of DNA.
Eukaryotic cells include animal cells and plant cells. The nucleus in a eukaryotic cell is bound
by a nuclear envelope and contains nucleoplasm. The cytoplasm, found between the plasma
membrane and the nucleus, consists of fluid filled with organelles. Many of the organelles are
separated from the surrounding cytoplasm by a membrane. Not all of the organelles found in
plant cells are found in animal cells and vice versa.
Materials:
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Copy of the activity, one per student
Computer·
http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/cell_structure/cell_
structure.htm
If you cannot access this site directly, do a Google or Bing search for cell animations, then
click on to concepts in biochemistry –interactive.
Colored pencils or pen and pencil
Instructions:
1. Use your computer to access the website given by your teacher to answer the following
questions.
2. Turn in your activity via discussion board
Part A: Prokaryotic cells
1. Using the animation, write the different cell components found in prokaryotic cells and
mention their function.
Celular
component or
organelle
function
1
Flegellum
Asist in movement and may play a role in sexual conjucation.
Ribosomes
The sites of protein synthesis
Mesosome
Permeable boundary that allows for entry and exit of nutrients and
waste, and may play a role in DNA replication.
Nucleoid region
Storage of genetic information, the site of DNA replication.
Cell wall
Protects against mechanical and hypertonic stress.
Pili
Asist in adhesion in sexual conjucation
2. Draw and label the prokaryotic cell using all the cellular components found in the above
chart. This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the space provided.
Part B: Animal cells
1. Using the animation, write the different cell components or organelles found in animal
cells and mention their function.
2
Celular
component or
organelle
function
Lysosomes
Metabolism of materials ingested by endocytosis.
Cytoplasm
Provides shape to cells, region were many metabolic reaction occurs
Mitochondria
Site of energy metabolism and synthesis of high-energy ATP
Nucleous
Cell Membrane
Selectively permeable boundary for enty and exit of nutrients and waste
where some important enzyme activity found.
Smooth
endoplasmic
Reticulum
Transport system for liquids and nutrients in the cell
Golgi
Apparatus
Responsible for the secretion of waste products from the cell
Peroxime
Oxidative metabolism of nutrients using oxygen to generate water
Nucleus
Storage site of genetic information, the site of DNA replication and its
transcriprion to RNA
3. Draw and label the animal cell using all the cellular components found in the above chart.
This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the space provided.
3
Part C: Plant cell
1. Using the animation, write the different cell components found in plant cells and mention
their function.
Celular
component or
organelle
Mitochondria
Glyoxysomes
Golgi Apparatus
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
function
Site of energy metabolism and synthesis of high-energy ATP
Vesicles found in the cytoplasm that carry out certain enzymatic
reactions.
Responsible for the secretion of waste products from the cell.
Site of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy
(ATP)
Selectively permeable boundary for entry and exit of nutrients and
waste where some importanta enzyme activity is found.
Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Surface on which ribosomes bind for protein synthesis
Chloroplast
Site of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy
(ATP)
Vacuole
Smooth
Endoplasmic
Storage of nutrients and water
Transport system for liquids and nutrients in the cell.
4
Reticulum
Ribosomes
The sites of protein synthesis.
4. Draw and label the plant cell using all the cellular components found in the above chart.
This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the space provided.
5
Analysis Questions:
1. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
The nucleous
2. Which types of cells are prokaryotic?
Bacteria and archae
3. Which types of cells are eukaryotic?
The ones that have a nucleus.
4. What organelles do plants cells have that animal cells don´t?
Cell Wall, chloroplast.
5. What organelles do animal cells have that plant cells don´t?
Lysosomes, centiroles
Evaluation
Criteria
3
2
1
Part A
Student completed
the chart, and drew
the prokaryotic cell
correcty
Student completed
the chart and the
drawing, but with
errors
Student did not
complete the chart
or the drawing
Part B
Student completed
the chart, and drew
the animal cell
correcty
Student completed
the chart and the
drawing, but with
errors
Student did not
complete the chart
or the drawing
Part C
Student completed
the chart, and drew
the plant cell
correcty
Student completed
the chart and the
drawing, but with
errors
Student did not
complete the chart
or the drawing
6
Analysis questions
Student answered
all 5 questions
correctly
Task completion
Student finished the
activity on time
Student answered
all 3-4 questions
correctly
Student answered
1-2 questions
correctly
Student did not
finish the activity
on time
7