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Transcript
Cell Organelles Types of Cells Types of Cells Prokaryotic Prokaryotes are very simple cells Probably first to inhabit the earth. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a membrane bound nucleus. Bacteria are prokaryotes. DNA of bacteria is circular. Eukaryotic Eukaryotic cells are more advanced cells. These cells are found in plants, animals, and protists (small unicellular "animalcules"). Types of Cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic The word "prokaryote" means "before the nucleus" Flagella - used for movement Pilus - small hairlike structures used for attaching to other cells Capsule - tough outer layer that protects bacteria, often associated with harmful bacteria cell membrane - outer boundary of the cell cytoplasm - jelly-like fluid interior of the cell nucleus - the "control center" of the cell, contains the cell's DNA (chromosomes) organelles - "little organs" that carry out cell functions Mitochondria Energy center or "powerhouse" of the cell. Turns food into useable energy (ATP) Nucleus the "control center" of the cell, contains the cell's DNA (chromosomes) Golgi Apparatus Processes, packages and secretes proteins. Like a factory. Ribosome Make protein Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth No ribosomes Transport, "intracellular highway". Rough Has Ribsomes Ribosomes are positioned along the rough ER, Vacuole Stores water or other substances, plant cells contain a large central vacuole. Plasma Membrane outer boundary of the cell, some stuff can cross the cell membrane. Composed of phospholipids and proteins Chloroplast Uses sunlight to create food, photosynthesis (only found in plant cells) Cell Wall Provides additional support (plant and bacteria cells) Microtubules Part of the cytoskeleton, function in support