Download Lecture 12/13 - Intracellular Transport + Cytoskeleton

Chapter 7—Intracellular Transport (p.142 – 162) and Cytoskeleton (p. 163 – 168)
Text Vocabulary:
Morphology
Phylogeny
Chromosome
Nucleoid
Genes
Plasmids
Ribosomes
Cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Glycolipids
Flagella
Fimbriae
Cytosol
Nucleus
Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear Lamina
Nucleolus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER
Lumen
Smooth ER
Golgi apparatus
Cisternae
Lysosomes
Endomembrane System
Vacuoles
Peroxisomes
Glyoxysomes
Mitochondria
Cristae
Mitochondrial matrix
Chloroplast
Thylakoids
Grana
Stroma
Endosymbiosis theory
Differential centrifugation
Nuclear pore complex
Ribosomal RNAs
Messenger RNAs
Nuclear Localization Signal
Pulse-chase experiment
Culture
ER signal sequence
Signal recognition particle
Glycosylation
Glycoprotein
Cisternal Maturation
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Receptor-Mediated
endocytosis
Early endosome
Late endosome
Nuclear lamins
Autophagy
Phagocytosis
Bulk-phase endocytosis
Microfilaments
Actin filaments
Motor protein
Cytokinesis
Cell crawling
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules
Dimers
Microtubule organizing
center
Centrosome
Centrioles
Cilia
Kinesin
Basal body
Axoneme
Lecture 12 PPT Review “Inside the Cell: The Dynamic Cell—Intracellular Transport”
1.) How do proteins get targeted to their correct destination in the cell?
2.) Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell? How do mRNAs get out of the nucleus? How do
nuclear proteins get into the nucleus?
3.) Outline as many components of the nucleus as you can—think about nuclear import, export,
anatomy of nucleus, nucleic acid synthesis.
4.) What structures serve as a passageway/gate into and out of the nucleus?
5.) What is the name of the amino acid sequence present in all nuclear proteins? In terms of
protein structure, what comprises the NLS? What is its function?
6.) What family of transport proteins interacts with NLSs? What transport proteins interact with
NESs?
7.) Slide 15 showed the research done in our lab. How did the displayed results help to explain the
role of NLSs in nuclear transport (of thyroid hormone receptor)?
8.) Outline the path in the endomembrane system using RNA that has just been
synthesized/transcribed.
9.) What is the signal hypothesis? How does it explain the differences between the “signals”
present within the AA sequence of an ER protein versus a nuclear protein? Include the
modification to the ER protein that we discussed in class.
10.) What is glycosylation? What type of modification is this an example of? Be sure you can identify
what the macromolecules are on this slide and any other example.
11.) Why would a protein travel from the ER to the Golgi? What is the protein transported in?
12.) A protein designated for the lysosome would have what unique signal/tag/sequence within its
amino acid sequence?
Lecture 9 PPT Review “Inside the Cell: The Dynamic Cytoskeleton”
1.) Why would the cytoskeleton be characterized as dynamic?
2.) What are the three major elements of the cytoskeleton? Arrange them in order of smallest to
largest size
3.) What is the globular protein that forms microfilaments? Describe subunits of this protein.
Describe polarity for this protein?
4.) What is treadmilling?
5.) What is myosin classified as? How does it perform its function? What reaction is involved?
6.) What are 3 different types of movement that can occur through actin-myosin interactions?
7.) What is the primary protein that forms intermediate filaments (that we discussed)? What are
two functions of this protein?
8.) Describe polarity and “treadmilling” in intermediate filaments.
9.) What are the proteins that make up the composition of microtubules?
10.) List a few functions of microtubules. (There are two that were outlined in the PPT). Describe the
polarity and “treadmilling” of microtubules.
11.) What would happen if you treated cells with a drug that disrupts microtubules? What would
happen if you depleted the amount of ATP in the cytoplasm?
12.) How are microtubules linked with the following: (Also list the motor proteins involved in each)
a. Vesicle movement
b. Whole cell movement (think cilia + flagella)
13.) What is an axenome?
14.) Watch “The Inner Life of the Cell” and work on understanding each aspect of the video—always
good to have a visual memory to refer back to when you get stuck on questions!