* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download cell membrane
Survey
Document related concepts
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Tissue engineering wikipedia , lookup
Cell encapsulation wikipedia , lookup
Cell nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Cytoplasmic streaming wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Programmed cell death wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
Cytokinesis wikipedia , lookup
Endomembrane system wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Cells and Cell Processes Review Give the cell organelle that performs each function. 1. Transport materials throughout the cell endoplasmic reticulum 2. Protein production ribosomes 3. Stores materials. vauoles 4. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell cell membrane 5. Produces energy mitochondria 6. Controls all cell activities nucleus 7. Holds cell organelles cytoplasm 8. Site of photosynthesis chloroplasts 9. Used in cell division centrioles 10. Gives plant cell shape and support cell wall Identify all the organelles labeled and give the function of each. Nucleus: controls all cell activities Vacuole: stores materials Ribosome: produces proteins Mitochondria: produces energy Cell membrane: controls what enters and leaves the cell 1. What type of cell is represented? Animal cell 2.What is structure B? What is the function of this structure? Nucleus – controls all cell activities 3.What is the function of structure C? Stores materials 4.Explain how structure A maintains homeostasis within the cell? It controls what enters and exits the cell. Identify the structures labeled and the function of each. 1- nucleus: controls all cell activities 2 – nucleolus: produces ribosomes 3 – cell membrane: controls what enters and exits the cell 4 – cytoplasm: holds cell organelles 5 – cell wall: keeps plant cells RIGID and supports plant cell 6 – vacuole: stores materials 7 - chloroplast: site of photosynthesis The structures inside a cell that perform life activities are called (1)organs (2)systems (3)organelles (4)cells One difference between plant and animal cells is that animal cells do not have (1)a nucleus (2)chloroplasts (3)a cell membrane (4)centrioles Which structure permits the entry and exit of materials in an animal cell? (1.) lysosome (2.) chromosome (3.) cell wall (4.) cell membrane Which is found in the nucleus? (1.) ribosome (2.) vacuole (3.) lysosome (4.) chromosome The rigidity (support) of a plant cell is due primarily to the presence of the (1) chloroplasts (2) centrosomes (3) cell membrane (4) cell wall Whitney observes a cell under the microscope. She identifies it as a green plant cell and not a cheek cell because of a (1.) nucleus (2.) cell membrane (3.) chloroplast (4.) mitochondrion While viewing a slide of rapidly moving sperm cells, a student concludes that these cells require a large amount of energy to maintain their activity. The organelles that most directly provide this energy are known as (1) vacuoles (2) chloroplasts (3) ribosomes (4) mitochondria Which structure is found ONLY in animal cells? (1.) cell wall (2.) vacuoles (3.) centrioles (4.) chloroplasts The organelle most closely associated with the manufacture of proteins within the cell is the (1.) ribosome (2.) nucleolus (3.) cell wall (4.) cell membrane The cell wall is (1.) selectively permeable (2.) rigid (3.) living (4.) a hardened cell membrane Which structure chiefly functions in intracellular transport? (1.) vacuole (2.) mitochondrion (3.) golgi apparatus (4.) endoplasmic reticulum 1.What is this structure called? mitochondria 2.What is the function of this organelle? Produces energy (ATP) 3.In what kind of cells would you find this organelle? Both animal and plant cells 4.Identify the type of respiration that occurs in this organelle. Aerobic respiration Which sequence of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex? (1) cells, tissues, organs, organ systems (2) tissues, organisms, cells, organ systems (3) cells, tissues, organ systems, organs (4) organs, organisms, organ systems, cells The breakdown of organic compounds to produce ATP is known as (1)cellular respiration (2)transpiration (3)active transport (4) photosynthesis YES (Raw materials) NO NO glucose glucose glucose oxygen CO2, H2O, ATP Lactic acid, Alcohol, ATP CO2, ATP Mitochondria Cytoplasm 36 2 Cytoplasm 2 An important molecule generated (produced) by both lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation is (1) ATP (2) CO2 (3) CO2 (4) H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6 H2O + X Aerobic respiration 1. Identify the process represented above. 2. Identify the raw materials. glucose and oxygen 3. Where does this process occur? Mitochondria 4. Identify the waste products.carbon dioxide and water 5. Identify molecule X. Energy or ATP 6. Describe the importance of this process. It provides energy that is needed for all cell activities. C6H12O6 lactic acid + energy Lactic acid fermentation 1. Identify the process represented above. 2. Identify the raw materials. glucose 3. Where does this process occur? Cytoplasm 4. Identify the waste products.Lactic acid 5. How many ATP are produced? 2 6. Identify the two types of cells this process occurs in. muscle cells and bacteria 6. Describe the importance of this process. It provides energy that is needed for all cell activities. C6H12O6 alcohol + CO2 + energy Alcoholic fermentation 1. Identify the process represented above. 2. Identify the raw materials. glucose 3. Where does this process occur? Cytoplasm 4. Identify the waste products.alcohol and CO2 5. How many ATP are produced? 2 6. Identify the type of cells this process occurs in. yeast 6. Describe the importance of this process. It provides energy that is needed for all cell activities. Aerobic respiration and fermentation are similar in that both processes (1.) require oxygen (2.) utilize light energy (3.) release energy (4.) produce carbohydrates When muscles are exercised extensively in the absence of sufficient oxygen, (1) lactic acid is produced (2) a large amount of ATP is formed (3) NADH molecules split (4) oxidative respiration occurs Yeast produce alcohol and CO2 in the process of (1)lactic acid fermentation (2)alcoholic fermentation (3)aerobic respiration (4) glycolysis In the presence of oxygen, _____ molecules of ATP can be formed. (1)2 (2) 19 (3) 36 (4) 63 An end product of alcoholic fermentation is (1)glucose (2) oxygen (3) carbon dioxide (4) lactic acid In the presence of oxygen, _____ molecules of ATP can be formed. (1.)2 (2.) 19 (3.) 36 (4.) 63 Which process yields lactic acid and small amounts of usable energy? (1.) photosynthesis (2.) aerobic respiration (3.) anaerobic respiration (4.) chemosynthesis The net yield of ATP from the process of fermentation is (1.) 2 (2.) 4 (3.) 34 (4.) 36 Muscles cells engaged in vigorous activity build up relatively high concentrations of (1.) lactic acid (2.) pyruvic acid (3.) alcohol (4.) oxygen Where do the final stages of aerobic respiration appear to take place? (1.) along the endoplasmic reticulum (2.) in the cytoplasm (3.) on the surface of ribosomes (4.) within the mitochondria Aerobic respiration and fermentation are similar in that BOTH processes (1.) require oxygen (2.) use light energy (3.) release energy (4.) produce glucose During aerobic respiration, the chemical energy of a glucose molecule is gradually released, producing 36 ATP and (1.) NH3 and O2 (2.) NH3 and CO2 (3.) H2O and O2 (4.) H20 and CO2 The life function of transport in an organism directly involves those activities used to: 1.absorb and distribute materials 2.obtain and break down materials 3.release energy from food 4.produce cellular waste products 1. What type of transport does this picture represent? Active transport 2. Explain your answer. Substances are moving from a LOW to HIGH concentration. The movement of materials from higher to lower concentration is called (1.) diffusion (2.) active transport (3.) pinocytosis (4.) phagocytosis The movement of materials from lower to higher concentration requiring energy is called (1.) movement (2.) diffusion (3.) active transport (4.) cell division Diffusion is a term for the movement of molecules from (1) an area of low concentration to a high concentration (2) an adjacent area to a gradient area (3) an area of high concentration to a low concentration (4) a nucleus to the mitochondria The movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is known as 1. active transport 2. osmosis 3. phagocytosis 4. pinocytosis Which process requires cellular energy? 1. diffusion 2. passive transport 3. active transport 4. osmosis Damage to which structure will most directly disrupt water balance within a single-celled organism? 1. ribosome 2. cell membrane 3. nucleus 4. chloroplast Sodium ions are pumped from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration in the nerve cells of humans. This process is an example of 1. diffusion 2. osmosis 3. passive transport 4. active transport The movement of materials from lower to higher concentration requiring energy in the form of ATP is called 1. movement 2. diffusion 3. active transport 4. cell division Weeee!!! high low Explain why this diagram represents passive transport. The person riding down the hill from the high point to the low point compares to passive transport where materials move from a high concentration to a low concentration. LOW HIGH + energy 1. Identify the high and low concentration. 2. Identify the type of transport occurring. Support your answer. Active transport Substance is moving from a LOW to HIGH concentration. Energy is being used. Identify the type of transport represented in diagrams A and B. Support your answer. A B Passive transport because materials are moving from a HIGH to LOW concentration. Active transport because materials are moving from a LOW to HIGH concentration and ENERGY is used. 1. Identify the type of transport occurring when the molecules move from area A to area B. Support your answer Passive transport Molecules are moving from a HIGH to LOW concentration. 2. Identify the type of transport occurring when the molecules move from area B to Active transport area A. Support your answer. Molecules are moving from a LOW to HIGH concentration. 3. Identify the type of passive transport occurring if WATER molecules move from area A to area B. Support your answer. Osmosis WATER is moving from a HIGH to LOW concentration. 4. Identify the type of passive transport occurring if glucose molecules move from area A to area B. Support your answer. Diffusion GLUCOSE is moving from a HIGH to LOW concentration. Cell Transport Review #2 ISA The diagram below represents a specialized cell located in the root of a plant. The arrows in the diagram indicate the movement of molecules of oxygen and water into the cell. 1. Identify the process responsible for the movement of the water molecules in the diagram. Support your answer. OSMOSIS because water moved from a HIGH to LOW concentration. Cell Transport Review #2 ISA The diagram below represents a specialized cell located in the root of a plant. The arrows in the diagram indicate the movement of molecules of oxygen and water into the cell. 2. Identify the process responsible for the movement of the oxygen molecules in the diagram. Support your answer. Diffusion because oxygen moved from a HIGH to LOW concentration. Cell Transport Review #2 ISA The diagram below represents a specialized cell located in the root of a plant. The arrows in the diagram indicate the movement of molecules of oxygen and water into the cell. 3. CONTRAST passive transport and active transport. Passive transport DOES NOT USE ENERGY. Active transport USES ENERGY. In passive transport, substances move from a HIGH to LOW concentration. In active transport, substances move from a LOW to HIGH concentration.