Download 1. Cell Structure - NCEA Level 2 Biology

1. Cell
Structure
Recognise the cell as the basic
unit of life
Label organelles in a plant and
animal cell
Describe the functions of
organelles
Starter: In pairs
 You
have 3 minutes to name as many
parts of the large cell pictures you have
been given as possible.
 Prize for pair with top number of labels.
The Cell:
Called the basic unit of life because it is the
simplest unit capable of independent
existence and reproduction
 All organisms are constructed out of cells
- unicellular organism = 1 cell
- multicellular organism = more than 1 cell
 Cells of all organisms contain organelles
which carry out certain functions in a cell.
These are mostly only visible under an
electron microscope.

The size of things
 How
big really is a cell?
 Play with this animation to find out how
tiny cells really are…
 http://scaleofuniverse.com/
Cell animations
 http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_mod
el.htm
 http://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/047
0003790/animations/cell_structure/cell_str
ucture.htm
 http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/b
egin/cells/insideacell/
Cell labels – use the textbook
provided to label your cells
 Answers
below:
A – Cell membrane
(plasma membrane)
B – cytoplasm
C- Mitochondria
D – Golgi body
E – Endoplasmic
reticulum
F – ribosome
G – vacuole
H – Lysosome
I – Nucleus
J – Nucleolus
K – centriole
L – Chloroplast
M - Cell wall
Brief note on functions of
organelles – make a table.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cell membrane – separates cell from
environment, maintains stable cell
environment by controlling entry and exit
of substances.
Cytoplasm – cell matrix – holds
organelles in place.
Mitochondrion – Site of aerobic
respiration
Golgi body – modifies proteins made by
the ribosomes then secretes (releases)
them.
Organelles continued
5. Endoplasmic reticulum – transport
network in cell and is the site for producing
lipids (smooth ER) and proteins (rough ER)
6. Ribosomes – site for protein synthesis
7. Vacuole –Storage sac for chemicals or
water.
8 . Lysosome – Specialised vacuole
containing enzymes
9. Nucleus – Control centre for cell –
contains genetic material.
More organelles (nearly there)
10. Nucleolus – Site of RNA production
11.Centriole – forms spindle fibre in cell
division
12. Chloroplast – Site of photosynthesis in
plants
13. Cell wall – rigid, supporting structure for
cell (part of skeletal support system in plant)
Homework
 You
will be given 1 organelle to research
and create a short A5 summary page for.
Your summary needs:
1. A diagram of that organelle under the
electron microscope
2. Details about the structure of that
organelle.
3. Frequency and type of cell it is found in.
4. Function of that organelle in the cell.
Bid for your organelle now…
Cell membrane
Chloroplast
Golgi body
Smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough
endoplasmic
reticulum
Cell membrane(2)
Lysosome
Centriole
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Cell wall
Vacuole
To finish: Chocolate factory
analogy – find organelles which
match these parts of a factory











Factory walls and gates
Conveyor belt
Managers office
Packaging room
Distribution depot
Recipe room
Chocolate making machine
Machine which makes other confectionary
Corridors of factory
Room for raw material storage
Power generator