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Quiz 3
1. Name one of Pavlov’s neutral stimuli.
2. According to Watson, his findings discredited
the work of __________.
3. Who/what was superstitious?
4. In the past 30 years there have been at least
three congressional hearings on _________
_________.
5. Why would an American travel to Germany to
study with Wundt?
6. Name one disorder that Kraeplin studied and
described.
Ivan Pavlov (1927)
• Physiologist
– Unconditioned Reflex
– Conditioned Reflex
– Launched “Behaviorist Movement”
• Aplysia californica explained
underlying physiological
mechanisms
– Back-propagation of the neural
message
Ivan Pavlov (1927)
• Physiologist
– Unconditioned Reflex
– Conditioned Reflex
– Launched “Behaviorist Movement”
• Aplysia californica explained
underlying physiological
mechanisms
– Back-propagation of the neural
message
Cellular Mechanism of Learning
Presynaptic From Gill – Big Effect
Postsynaptic Motor
Presynaptic From Mantle – Little Effect
If both are repeatedly active at the same time
Presynaptic From Gill – Big Effect
Postsynaptic Motor
Presynaptic From Mantle – No Effect
Strength of Previously Weak Synaptic
Junction is Increased
Presynaptic From Gill – Big Effect
Postsynaptic Motor
Presynaptic From Mantle – Enhanced Effect
Watson and Rayner (1920)
• John Broadus Watson
– Expanded Pavlov’s findings
– Behavior comes from outside
influences
– Simple Non-Freudian explanation
– The first clearly documented
“taste tests”
– The first I-O psychologist
Watson and Rayner (1920)
• John Broadus Watson
– Generalization
– Fear was contextually modified
– Results opposed the eugenics
movement
B.F. Skinner (1948)
• Father of Radical Behaviorism
– Operant Conditioning (vs.
Classical Conditioning)
– Trained at Harvard (1931)
– U. of Minnesota, Indiana
– Back to Harvard
– Felt unappreciated
B.F. Skinner (1948)
• Father of Radical Behaviorism
– Noncontingent Reinforcement
– Can results be applied to humans?
– ADHD?
Bandura, Ross, and Ross (1961)
• Albert Bandura
– Still at Stanford
– Children learn (some
behaviors) by example
– What has TV done?
– Violent behavior is more likely
if it is rewarded (positively
reinforced)