Download Science 10 Biology Review

Science 10 Biology Review:
Microscopes:
1. Label the following diagram:
2. Give the function of each of the following microscope parts:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
Ocular Lens –
Body Tube –
Objective Lenses
Revolving Nose Piece –
Arm –
Stage –
Stage Clips –
Iris Diaphragm –
Course Adjustment Knob –
Fine Adjustment Knob –
Light –
3.
A particular stereo microscope has an ocular lens magnification of 10X and an
objective lens magnification of 5X. Calculate the total magnification.
4.
Explain what is meant by “field of view” in a microscope.
5.
Write the correct formula for finding the Actual Size of an object under the microscope if you know
the Field Diameter and the number of times the object fits in the field.
6.
The picture shows five organisms stretched across the Low
Power Field of a microscope.
The High Power Field Diameter of this microscope is 4 mm.
Calculate the actual size of one of these organisms.
Answer ______________mm
One cell drawn on a piece of paper was 8 cm. Calculate the scale.
Answer ______________cm
7. Explain the importance that each individual provided to the development of microscopes.
a) Janssen:
b) Hooke:
c) van Leeuwenhoek:
8. Define and explain what type of image each one of the following electron microscopes view:
a) TEM
b) SEM
c) CLSM
d) STM
Cells:
1. List the 3 main points of the cell theory:
2. List all seven living functions that occur in every organism:
3. Do bacteria have a defined nucleus, or just DNA inside the cell?
4. Draw a picture of an animal cell and label all the major organelles found within:
5. Draw a picture of a plant cell and label all the major organelles found within:
6. Give the main function of each of the following cell organelles:
a. cell wall b. cell membrane c.
cytoplasm -
d. nucleus e. nuclear membrane f.
chromosomes -
g. mitochondrion h. smooth endoplasmic reticulum i.
rough endoplasmic reticulum -
j.
chloroplast -
k.
vacuole –
l.
flagella and cilia –
m. golgi body –
n. lysosome o. ribosome 7. The phases which make up the life of a cell is called the ______________________
8. Most of the cell's growth takes place during a stage called ________________________
9. Label the stages of mitosis in the following diagram:
Cellular Processes:
1. Define the following terms:
a) concentration gradient
b) osmosis
c) hypertonic solution
d) hypotonic solution
e) isotonic solution
f) turgor pressure
g) hydrophilic
h) endocytosis
i) facilitated diffusion
j) exocytosis
k) ion pump
l) hydrophobic
2. What are three ways that active transport differs from passive transport?
3.
Inside a cell membrane there is 98% water and 2% salt, while outside the cell membrane there is
pure water. Which direction will the water flow, into the cell
or out of the cell?
98% H2O
100% H2O
What will happen to the size of this cell as this happens?
2% salt
4.
A cell, which has 97% water inside the cell membrane is placed in a sugar solution which is 10%
sugar and 90% water. Which way will water flow, into the cell or out of the cell?
What will happen to the size of the cell as this happens?
97% H2O
90% H2O
10% sugar
Cell Size (Surface Area to Volume Ratios):
1.
One side of a cube has a length of 1.5 cm.
a)
Calculate the Surface Area in cm2
b)
Calculate the Volume in cm3
c)
Calculate the Ratio of Surface Area/Volume
2.
If a cell was very large, its Surface Area/Volume Ratio would be quite (high/low)________
When this is true, it means that the cell (does/doesn’t) ______________________ have
enough ability to absorb the nutrients it needs and to get rid of waste materials.
3.
When an organism grows in size, do the number of cells increase or do the
existing cells just get bigger?
4. Why is it important that cells maximize their surface area to volume ratios?
Multicellular Organisms & Plants:
1. What advantage to multicellular organisms have over single cellular organisms?
2. Name the three plant tissues and explain what major functions occur there.
3. Explain the differences between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
4. What role does osmosis play in gas exchange?
5. Explain how and why a plant would grow if you hung the plant upside down.
6. Name the parts of the plant: