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NAME: __________________________________ DATE: __________ PERIOD: _____
FALL FINAL STUDY GUIDE
THIS IS NOT A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
CH. 9 MENDELIAN GENETICS (20)
1.
2.
3.
Heterozygous individuals have two of the same
alleles for a particular gene.
a. True
b. False
If a mutated piece of DNA is carried in a recessive
allele, the only way for this mutated allele to be
expressed in a child born to two unaffected parents
would be for both parents to be heterozygous carriers
of this mutated allele.
a. True
b. False
When two different alleles for a gene occur together,
the one that is expressed is called
a. dominant
b. phenotypic
c. recessive
d. superior
8.
When two members of the F1 generation are crossed,
the offspring are referred to as the _______________
generation.
9.
The likelihood that a specific event will occur is
called _______________.
10. A cross between individuals that involves one pair of
contrasting traits is called a _______________ cross.
11. Define genotype.
12. Give an example of:
a. homozygous dominant
b. heterozygous
c. homozygous recessive
13. Define phenotype. Give an example.
CH. 12 HUMAN GENETICS (15)
4.
5.
6.
7.
An organism that has inherited two of the same
alleles of a gene from its parents is __________ for
that trait.
a. hereditary
b. heterozygous
c. homozygous
d. mutation
The device illustrated below, which is used to
organize genetic analysis, is called a
a. Mendelian box
b. Punnett square
c. genetic graph
d. phenotypic paradox
Assume B = black, b = brown. The B phenotype of
the offspring indicated by Box 3 in the diagram above
would be
a. brown.
b. black.
c. The phenotype cannot be determined.
When sperm and egg cells fuse during fertilization,
the resulting offspring has two _______________ for
each trait.
14. If a mutated piece of DNA is carried on the X
chromosome, the only way for this mutated allele to
be expressed in a child born to two unaffected parents
would be for the child to be a girl.
a. True
b. False
15. An autosomal trait will occur with equal frequency in
both males and females.
a. True
b. False
16. The law of independent assortment applies only to
genes that are
a. sex-linked.
b. located on different chromosomes or are far
apart on the same chromosome.
c. located on the same chromosome.
d. autosomal.
17. Humans can have blood phenotypes of A, AB, B, or
O. The four blood types result from
a. codominance.
b. incomplete dominance.
c. multiple alleles.
d. A polygenic trait.
18. The inheritance of the human traits of height, weight,
and body build are controlled by more than one set of
alleles. Each trait is an example of
a. codominance.
b. incomplete dominance.
c. sex-linked inheritance.
d.
a polygenic trait.
19. A human with the sex genotype XY is
a. a male.
b. a dwarf.
c. a female.
d. carrying an extra chromosome.
d.
AGA-CCT-GTA-GGA.
30. The anticodons for the codons in the mRNA sequence
CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC are
a. GAG-UUC-ACG-AAG.
b. GAG-TTC-ACG-AAG.
c. CUC-GAA-CGU-CUU.
d. CUU-CGU-GAA-CUC.
20. Humans who have three copies of chromosome 21
develop a genetic disorder called _____________.
21. Males are much more likely to develop hemophilia
and other sex-linked disorders than ___________.
22. By constructing a human _______________,
genetic counselors can study how a trait was inherited
over several generations in a single family.
23. A _______________ happens when a
chromosome piece breaks off and reattaches to
another nonhomologous chromosome.
24. How would the pedigree look for an autosomal
recessive disorder?
25. How would the pedigree look for an X-linked
disorder?
CH. 10 MOLECULAR GENETICS (25)
26. A gene may be described as
a. a sequence of amino acids.
b. special proteins found in chromosomes.
c. a sequence of nucleotides that codes for a
specific protein.
d. a sequence of nucleotides that codes for the
production of starches and sugars.
27. The enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA
double helix is called DNA
a. polymerase.
b. amylase. .
c. helicase.
28. In DNA, four forms of this molecule each have a
different type of
a. phosphate group.
b. sugar.
c. nitrogen base.
d. None of the above
31. Use the table to determine which of the following
represents the portion of the protein molecule coded
for by mRNA sequence CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC.
a. serine - tyrosine - arginine - glycine
b. valine - aspartic acid - proline - histidine
c. leucine - lysine - cysteine - phenylalanine
d. glutamic acid - phenylalanine - threonine lysine
32. Watson and Crick determined that DNA molecules
have the shape of a ______________________.
33. The information contained in a molecule of mRNA is
used to make protein during the process of
___________________________.
34. Nucleotide sequences of tRNA that are
complementary to codons on mRNA are called
_______________.
35. What goes on during replication?
36. What goes on during transcription?
37. What goes on during translation?
29. Which of the following would represent the sequence
of DNA from which the mRNA sequence CUCAAG-UGC-UUC was made?
a. CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC
b. GAG-UUC-ACG-AAG
c. GAG-TTC-ACG-AAG.