Download Review Questions: Gene Regulation and Expression

Grade level 2013-14
Guide: Gene Regulation, Mutations, Karyotypes
*Key Vocabulary-Gene Regulation
IDK
Know it!
Term
Gene
Chromosome
DNA
Hox Gene
Transcription
Translation
Protein and Amino Acid
Express (expression)
Differentiate (differentiation)
Regulate (Regulation)
codon
*Key Vocabulary- Mutations
IDK
Know it!
Term
Mutation
Gene Mutation
Point Mutation
Substitution
Insertion
Deletion
Nitrogenous Base or Nucleotide
Silent Mutation
Chromosomal Mutation
Translocation
Inversion
Duplication
Amino Acid Sequence
*Key Vocabulary- Karyotypes
IDK
Know it!
Term
Karyotypes
Autosome
Sex Chromosome
Somatic Cell
Gamete
Zygote
Fertilization
Monosomy
Trisomy
Nondisjuction
*Key Vocabulary- Meiosis
IDK
Know it!
Term
Sexual Reproduction
mitosis
Meiosis I
Meiosis II
Interphase
Prophase I and II
Metaphase I and II
Anaphase I and II
Telophase I and II
Cytokinesis
Gamete
Zygote
Spindle Fibers and Centrioles
Grade level 2013-14
Review Questions: Gene Regulation and Expression
What is a gene?
How does a gene represent information?
What does it mean when a gene is
“expressed”?
Why is it important for genes to be
expressed?
Why do genes need to regulated or
“turned off”?
Do cells have only specific genes for their
function?
What are hox genes?
What is differentiation?
Review Questions: Mutations
What is a mutation?
What can cause point or gene mutations?
Why is a frameshift mutation more severe
or harmful than a substitution?
A short segment of DNA that contains a code for a
specific protein sequence
The code on the DNA is a series of nitrogen bases
(A,T,C,G). The order of the nitrogen bases is a code
“read” by a ribosome during translation. The ribosome
puts together amino acids to make a protein based on
the code from the gene.
An RNA polymerase transcribes the DNA gene to make
an mRNA to be translated by the ribosome.
Genes give the instructions for the creation of proteins.
Proteins give structure and function to each cell and they
control chemical reactions.
Only certain genes are needed at certain times.
NO, all body or somatic cells have the FULL SET of DNA.
Cells only express the genes that they specifically need to
do their job.
Hox genes are the specific set of genes that are needed
for a particular cell to do its job. Skin cells express
different hox genes than nerve cells.
The process that cells and systems of an organism go
through where they express only certain genes (hox
genes) to have a specific structure and function. All cells
start off the same at fertilization but over time they
“differentiate” into specializes cells, tissues, and organs.