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Year 10 -Term-4-Biological Sciences Program
Weeks 1 - 3
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DNA and Genetics
Content
The transmission of heritable characteristics from one generation to the next
involves DNA and genes (ACSSUI 84)
Elaborations 1 & 2
1 .Describe the role of DNA as the blueprint for controlling the characteristics
of organisms using models and diagrams to represent the relationship
between DNA, genes and chromosomes.
2. Recognise that genetic information passed on to offspring is from both
parents by meiosis and fertilisation representing patterns of inheritance of a
simple dominant/recessive characteristic through generations of a family
Indicators
• Cover the structure of the animal cell outlining the following structures:
cell membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, golgi apparatus, mitochondria,
endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasm.
• Outline the structure of the cell membrane as a semi-permeable membrane.
Outline the following components: phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic head,
hydrophobic tail, proteins and cholesterol embedded.
• Describe the structure of DNA. Students to be aware of base pairing outline
the difference between genes and chromosomes, outlining the number of
chromosomes in autosomal and sex cells (autosomal = 46, sex cells = 23)
• Compare and contrast Mitosis and Meiosis (Function, chromosome number,
number of cells and stages ie interphase, prophase, metaphase (I & II),
anaphase (I & II) and telophase.
Year 10 -Term-4-Biological Sciences Program
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Elaborations 3 & 4
3. Predict simple ratios of offspring genotypes and phenotypes in crosses
involving dominant/recessive gene pairs or in genes that are sex-linked
4. Describe mutations as changes in DNA or chromosomes and outlining the
factors that contribute to causing mutations
Indicators
• Define genotype, phenotype, dominant, recessive, homozygous and
heterozygous.
• Use punnet squares to work out simple genetic traits (eg tongue roller,
roman nose and pea flower colour).
• Define incomplete dominance
• Define Sex determination and sex linked traits
Week 4
Evolution - Natural Selection
The theory of evolution by natural selection explains the diversity of living
things and is supported by a range of scientific evidence (ACSSUI85)
Elaborations 1 & 2
1. Outline processes involved in natural selection including variation, isolation
and selection.
2. Evaluate and interpret evidence for evolution, including the fossil record,
chemical and anatomical similarities, and geographical distribution of species
Indicators
• Define Natural selection and outline factors which contribute to natural
selection.
• Define fossil and the different types of fossils.
• Cover the following dating techniques Relative dating methods
such as Strata (layer by layer) & Index fossils. Absolute dating such as
Radiocarbon dating and Tree ring dating
Year 10 -Term-4-Biological Sciences Program
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Week 5 - Body Systems
(Additional content to Australian Curriculum)
Elaborations
Excretory System
Indicators
• Structure of the kidney (renal pelvis, renal medulla, pyramids, nephrons,
major and minor calyx, renal artery and renal vein)
• General structure of a nephron (bowmans capsule, glomerulus, distal
convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct)
Week 6 Circulatory System
Indicators
• Differentiate between arteries, veins and capillaries.
• Outline the systemic and pulmonary loop of our circulation.
• Label structures and outline function of the parts of the heart (ventricles,
atrium, semilunar valves, atrioventricular valves, septum, orta, pulmonary
artery and veins, superior and inferior vena cava)
Week 7 - Respiratory system
Indicators
• Outline the function and label the parts of the respiratory system (nasel
cavity, mouth cavity, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles and alveoli)
• Outline the steps in inspiration and expiration.
Week 8 - Reproductive system
Indicators
• Label the male and female reproductive system.
• Outline the steps involved and hormones (LH, progesterone, FSH and
Oestrogen) involved with the menstrual and ovarian cycles)