Download DNA-Chromosomes-Genes-Genome student notesheet

Name ______________________________________
Date ______________________
Block _______
DNA-Chromosomes-Genes-Genome
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
•
_____________________: the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making
living organisms.
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The material inside the nucleus of cells that carries _____________________ information.
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The scientific name for DNA is _____________________ _____________________.
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The _____________________
_____________________ is made
from two strands, twisted together
in a _____________________
_____________________.
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The links between each strand are
called _____________________.
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It coils up tightly inside
_____________________.
Chromosomes
• A _____________________ is one of the threadlike
"packages" of genes and other DNA in the nucleus of a cell.
• Different kinds of organisms have different numbers of
chromosomes.
• Humans have _____________________of chromosomes,
46 in all: 44 autosomes and two sex chromosomes.
• Each _____________________ contributes one
chromosome to each pair, so children get half of their
chromosomes from their mothers and half from their fathers.
• There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in the
_____________________ of any one of your cells.
• Each chromosome has a single strand of
_____________________, which carries the code for a
couple of thousand _____________________.
Gene
•
A _____________________ is the
functional and physical unit of heredity
passed from parent to offspring.
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Genes are _____________________ of
DNA, and most genes contain the
information for making a specific protein.
•
•
_____________________
provide the structural
components of cells and
tissues as well as enzymes
for essential biochemical
reactions.
The human _____________________ is
estimated to be made of more than 30,000
genes.
Genome
•
A _____________________ is tightly coiled threads of DNA contained in an organism or a cell, which includes the
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________.
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Organized into structures called _____________________.