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Transcript
Name ______________________________________ Date ______________________ Block _______ DNA-Chromosomes-Genes-Genome DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) • _____________________: the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making living organisms. • The material inside the nucleus of cells that carries _____________________ information. • The scientific name for DNA is _____________________ _____________________. • The _____________________ _____________________ is made from two strands, twisted together in a _____________________ _____________________. • The links between each strand are called _____________________. • It coils up tightly inside _____________________. Chromosomes • A _____________________ is one of the threadlike "packages" of genes and other DNA in the nucleus of a cell. • Different kinds of organisms have different numbers of chromosomes. • Humans have _____________________of chromosomes, 46 in all: 44 autosomes and two sex chromosomes. • Each _____________________ contributes one chromosome to each pair, so children get half of their chromosomes from their mothers and half from their fathers. • There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in the _____________________ of any one of your cells. • Each chromosome has a single strand of _____________________, which carries the code for a couple of thousand _____________________. Gene • A _____________________ is the functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring. • Genes are _____________________ of DNA, and most genes contain the information for making a specific protein. • • _____________________ provide the structural components of cells and tissues as well as enzymes for essential biochemical reactions. The human _____________________ is estimated to be made of more than 30,000 genes. Genome • A _____________________ is tightly coiled threads of DNA contained in an organism or a cell, which includes the ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________. • Organized into structures called _____________________.
