Download 5.4 PPT_Codon Charts

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WRITE the QUESTIONS and ANSWER!!!
1.
GALLERY WALK
GALLERY WALK
PROTEIN SYTHESIS ANALOGY: A NECKLACE
FACTORY
The RIBOSOME is like…
 A necklace factory.
 Because… The whole purpose of the factory is to
make necklaces (proteins)
The DNA is like…
 The Boss
 Because… it tells the factory workers which type of
necklaces to make.
The mRNA is like…
 The Secretary
 Because… it delivers the necklace recipes and
orders to the factory
The Boss (DNA) tells the secretary (mRNA) which necklaces
(proteins) need to be made
 The secretary (mRNA) delivers the Boss’s (DNA) necklaces order
to the factory (Ribosome)

The tRNA is like…
 The Delivery trucks
 Because… it drops off the ingredients to the factory
for the correct necklaces to be made

The trucks (tRNA) drop off the ingredients – the beads (amino
acids) - to make the necklaces (proteins) that the Boss (DNA)
ordered
So…
 The Boss (DNA) gives the necklace orders and recipes to the Secretary
(mRNA) to bring to the necklace factory (ribosomes).
 The Delivery Trucks (tRNA) bring the ingredients (amino acids) to the
necklace factory (ribosome), where the necklaces (proteins) are
made and then shipped out
With your partner..
 Take 1 minutes to discuss the analogy and how the
necklace factory relates to protein synthesis
But…
 What does this actually look like?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJxobgkPEAo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6O6uRb1D38
Annotate your drawing along with me…
Check Point
1) The diagram above depicts the process of
______________________________ synthesis, or how the
cell makes proteins from DNA.
2) What is the name of the process happening inside the nucleus?
3) In one sentence, explain what happens in the nucleus.
4) To what organelle does mRNA go to after the first step of protein
synthesis?
5) What step of protein synthesis happens here?
6) Explain what happens during the process you identified above.
PS Overview Practice
 Using your knowledge of Protein Synthesis and the
Necklace Analogy, Independently complete Protein
Synthesis Review practice
Now…
 We know that the mRNA brings the recipe to make the
proteins
 And, the tRNA brings the right ingredients (amino acids)
to make the proteins
 And, the Ribosome actually puts the ingredients together
to make the proteins
 BUT… How does the tRNA know which amino
acids to bring…?
How does tRNA know
which amino acid to bring?
1. Breaks mRNA into groups of 3 called CODON.
2. Use a Codon Chart to TRANSLATE mRNA
CODON into AMINO ACID.

 3. Amino acids linked together by the RIBOSOME
to form a polypeptide (PROTEIN) chain.
LET’S TRY IT…
 DNA  mRNA = TRANSCRIPTION
 mRNA  amino acids = TRANSLATION
So…
DNA  RNA  Protein
GUIDED PRACTICE
Translation
TRANSCRIPTION RACE
DNA
Complementary Strand
mRNA
Amino Acids
TRANSCRIPTION RACE
DNA
CTA
Complementary Strand
mRNA
Amino Acids
TRANSCRIPTION RACE
DNA
GCA
Complementary Strand
mRNA
Amino Acids
TRANSCRIPTION RACE
DNA
GGT
Complementary Strand
mRNA
Amino Acids
TRANSCRIPTION RACE
DNA
TTC CAC
Complementary Strand
mRNA
Amino Acids
TRANSCRIPTION RACE
DNA
GTA CAT
Complementary Strand
mRNA
Amino Acids
TRANSCRIPTION RACE
DNA
CCT GTA TCA
Complementary Strand
mRNA
Amino Acids
PRACTICE
Protein synthesis
TAT
Protein Synthesis in Action
 Pre-lab
 ROLES:
 DNA: Reads the codes 1-10 to the mRNA. Can’t let mRNA see the code!
 mRNA: Needs a pencil and 10 long strips of paper, numbered 1-10.
DNA is transcribed…A=U, T=A, G=C, and C=G. Keep codes in groups of
three letters.
 Ribosome: Needs a pencil and the codon word chart. Using the mRNA
codons, find the corresponding words, and write a sentence. Each
sentence should begin with START and finish with STOP.
 You will switch roles every 3 sentences (in this order…)
 DNA  mRNA
 mRNA  Ribosome
 Ribosome  DNA
What does this look like in action..?
Autoville Practice
 Using your knowledge of Protein Synthesis and the
Cookie Analogy, Independently complete Autoville
practice