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Name: ____________________________________ Period: ______ Date: ________________ Unit 3: Cells and Cellular Transport Review Worksheet Cells and Organelles 1. List the levels of biological organization in multicellular organisms from most simple to complex. (cell, organism, organs, molecules, organelles, organ system, atom, tissue) 2. Complete the table below comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells Nucleus Present Where is the DNA located? Cell wall Cell membrane Simple or Complex? Ribosomes Present Organelles Present Give an example of each type 1 HK Biology CP Unit 3 Review Label the following diagrams and list the function Diagram I is of a ________________cell Diagram II is of a _______________cell A. J. B. K. C. L. D. M. E. N. F. O. G. H. I. 2 HK Biology CP Unit 3 Review 3. Which organelles are only found in plant cells and what is the function of those organelles? 4. List the organelles involves in assembly of protein, starting from the nucleolus and exiting the cell, include the function each organelle in your answer. 5. Below is a diagram of cell membrane. Label A and B and identify which macromolecules they are composed of. A B Cell Transport 1. Fill in the blanks (solution, solvent, solute) A __________________________ is a fluid in which a substance is dissolved. A __________________________ is a substance dissolved in a solvent. A __________________________ is a combination of solute and solvent. 3 HK Biology CP Unit 3 Review 2. Using the diagram above explain how are molecules moving in a solution? 3. Why does a molecule to diffuse down a concentration gradient (from High to Low)? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Because the cytoplasm’s of the plant and the animal cell have equal concentrations of solutes, we can say that their cytoplasm’s are ______________________ (isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic) to each other. 5. If we put both a plant and animal cell into a solution that contains no solutes at all, the solution is ______________________________ (isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic) to the cytoplasm. __________________ (glucose, water) will enter both cells through osmosis. The animal cell will likely ______________(burst, shrink), but the plant cell is protected because the presence of a ___________ __________ (cell membrane, cell wall). 6. How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. How is active transport different than simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Do you think that endocytosis and exocytosis can occur within the same cell? Explain your reasoning. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 4 HK Biology CP Unit 3 Review 9. Why does a plant like celery get limp when placed in a hypertonic solution? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Complete the table by checking the correct column for each statement: Isotonic STATEMENT Cell(s) Hypotonic Cell(s) Hypertonic Cell(s) 1. The concentration of dissolved substances (stuff) in the solution is lower than the concentration inside the cell. 2. When a cell is placed in this solution, water will enter the cell by osmosis resulting in osmotic (turgor) pressure (causes a cell to swell). 3. The concentration of dissolved substances (stuff) in the solution is the same as the concentration inside the cell. 4. The concentration of dissolved substances (stuff) in the solution is higher than the concentration inside the cell.(causes a cell to shrink) 5. When this solution is injected into the body no cell disruption occurs because no net osmosis occurs. 6. Putting a plant in this solution will result in water loss and cause the plant to wilt. 11.In the figure of the U-tube below, side “A” is pure water and side “B” is a 10% starch solution. Why is the level of side “B” rising? Which side is HYPERTONIC compared to the other? 5 HK Biology CP Unit 3 Review 12. Match the term with its correct description: a. b. c. d. transport protein active transport diffusion facilitated diffusion e. passive transport f. osmosis g. endocytosis h. exocytosis i. equilibrium j. energy _____ A form of passive transport that uses transport proteins _____ The diffusion of water through a cell membrane _____ Is used during active transport but not passive transport _____ The movement of substances through the cell membrane without the use of cellular energy _____ Used to help substances enter or exit the cell membrane _____ A type of transport in which energy is required to move materials through a cell membrane _____ When the molecules of one substance are spread evenly throughout another substance to become balanced _____ A vacuole membrane fuses (becomes a part of) the cell membrane and the contents are released _____ Process by which a cell takes in material by forming a vacuole around it _____ A type of transport in which molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration 13. Label the diagrams of cells using the following terms: diffusion, active transport, osmosis, equilibrium. The arrows show the direction of transport. You may use the terms more than once! High CO2 levels 8 H2O molecules 25 glucose molecules 2 H2O molecules 5 glucose molecules Low CO2 levels High protein levels 2 H2O molecules 10 H2O molecules 8 H2O molecules Low protein levels Osmosis Practice Activity 6 HK Biology CP Unit 3 Review 10 H2O molecules Osmosis is the diffusion of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Only water moves in osmosis! The diagrams below show the concentration of water and salt inside the cell and the concentration of water and salt surrounding the cell. Complete the sentences below by comparing the concentration of the water inside the cell and the concentration outside the cell. 1. 5% NaCl 95% H2O 95% NaCl 5% H2O a. Water will flow _____________________ (into the cell, out of the cell, in both directions). b. The cell will ______________________ (shrink, burst, stay the same). 2. 5% NaCl 95% H2O 5% NaCl 95% H2O a. Water will flow _____________________ (into the cell, out of the cell, in both directions). b. The cell will ______________________ (shrink, burst, stay the same). 3. 95% NaCl 5% H2O 5% NaCl 95% H2O a. Water will flow _____________________ (into the cell, out of the cell, in both directions). b. The cell will ______________________ (shrink, burst, stay the same). 5. Describe the processes occurring in the following pictures (exocytosis, endocytosis, protein pump) 7 HK Biology CP Unit 3 Review 8 HK Biology CP Unit 3 Review