Download Chapter 7.1 - Fredericksburg City Schools

Name
Date
Class
Chapter 7.1
Understanding Main Ideas
Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.
1. What is the full name of DNA?
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2. What molecules make up the sides of a DNA molecule?
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3. What are the pairs of nitrogen bases in DNA?
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4. How are DNA, genes, and chromosomes related?
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5. Why is DNA replication important?
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Building Vocabulary
Write a definition for each of these terms on the lines below.
6. nitrogen base
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_________
7. DNA replication
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Practice
Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The sides of a DNA molecule are made up of sugar molecules alternating with ______
molecules.
Chromosomes are made up mostly of
.
In DNA, adenine always pairs with
.
Each
on a chromosome contains the information to code for one specific protein.
Each group of three DNA bases on a gene codes for a single _________
.
Practice
If the statement is true, write true. If the statement is false, change the underlined word(s) to make
the statement true.
6.
7.
8.
Each gene is located at a specific place on a(n) protein.
DNA synthesis is the process by which DNA copies itself.
The process of DNA copying itself begins when the two sides of the DNA molecule
unwind and separate.
9.
10.
The genetic code is determined by the sizes of the nitrogen bases.
Nitrogen bases are molecules that contain nitrogen and other elements.
Chapter 7.2
Understanding Main Ideas
Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.
1. Why are there so many different kinds of proteins when there are only 20 different amino acids?
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_________
2. How are DNA and RNA different?
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3. Describe the steps in protein synthesis.
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_________
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Building Vocabulary
Write a definition for each of these terms on the lines below.
4. messenger RNA
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_________
5. transfer RNA
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_________
Practice
Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The process of making proteins is called protein
.
Proteins are made of smaller molecules called
.
In RNA, adenine pairs with
.
The sides of RNA and DNA molecules are made up of different
.
The genetic code in DNA is copied and carried to the ribosomes by _____________________
.
Practice
If the statement is true, write true. If the statement is false, change the underlined word(s) to make
the statement true.
6.
After an amino acid is added to a protein, the transfer RNA picks up another amino
acid.
7.
8.
9.
10.
RNA is a(n) double strand.
Changes to the type or order of amino acids can result in a different protein.
Amino acids are carried to a ribosome by messenger RNA.
A transfer RNA with the bases CGA will line up with a section of messenger RNA
with the bases CGU.
Challenge
Use Chapter 7.3 to answer the following questions in the space provided.
1. How do mutations get passed on to offspring?
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2. How do mutations lead to cancer?
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3. How can cancer spread from a tumor to other parts of the body?
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4. What are two ways the risk of some types of cancer can be reduced?
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