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Transcript
THE ORGANELLES IN A PLANT CELL Quick facts about the plant cell *THE FIRST THING THAT IS WONDERFUL ABOUT PLANT CELLS IS THAT THEY ARE THE ONLY PRODUCERS OF FOOD BY SELF ON EARTH. * THEY HAVE AMAZING FEATURES LIKE CHLOROPLASTS, RIGID CELL WALL AND VACUOLE. THEIR FEATURES RESEMBLE THOSE OF ANIMAL CELLS. *PLANTS RETAIN A DEFINITE SHAPE DUE TO THE RIGID CELL WALL. THEY TAKE IN LOTS OF WATER BUT THE RIGID CELL WALL HELPS THEM RETAIN THEIR SHAPE *WITHOUT SUN, PLANTS ARE NOT ABLE TO PRODUCE FOOD. WITH ENERGY DERIVED FROM SUN, PLANT CELL CONVERTS CARBON- DI- OXIDE AND WATER INTO CARBOHYDRATES AND SUGAR AND PREPARE FOOD. *ONE SIXTH OF THE ENERGY DERIVED FROM SUN IS USED BY PLANTS AND REMAINING ENERGY GOES TO HUMAN BEINGS AND ANIMALS IN THE FORM OF SUGAR AND CARBOHYDRATES AND FORMS THEIR FOOD. *WITHOUT PLANT CELLS AND THEIR FEATURES, FOOD FOR PLANTS IS IMPOSSIBLE *MANY PLANTS ARE VERY SMALL BUT THEY HAVE MINI ORGANS WHICH ARE USED FOR PRODUCING FOOD. WITHOUT PLANT KINGDOM, MAN MIGHT HAVE SUFFERED A HEAVY LOSS IN FOOD PRODUCTION. The Plant Cell THE PLANT CELL IS CONSIDERED A EUKARYOTIC CELL. TODAY YOU WILL BE LEARNING THE MANY ORGANELLES THAT ARE IN A PLANT CELL The Vacuole • The main function of the vacuole is to store water Chloroplasts • Function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell - Appearance: green in color because of chlorophyl, which is a green pigments Cell Wall • - Function: provides support and protection to the cell membrane - Found outside the cell membrane in plant cells Cell Membrane •thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell The Nucleus • Nickname: "The Control Center" - Function: holds the DNA - Parts: - Nucleolus: dark spot in the middle fo the nucleus that helps make ribosomes Ribosomes • - Function: makes proteins - Found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic Endoplasmic Reticulum • - Nickname: "Roads, "ER" - Function: the internal delivery system of the cell - Parts: - Rough ER - Function: helps make proteins, that's why it has ribosomes - Appearance: rough appearance because it has ribosomes - Smooth ER - No ribosomes - Function: makes fats or lipids Golgi Complex Nickname: "The Shippers" - Function: packages, modifies, and transports materials to different locations inside/outside of the cell - Appearance: stack of pancakes • - Lysosomes • - Nickname: "Clean-up Crews" - Function: to break down food into particles the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells - Appearance: circular, but bigger than ribosomes Mitochondria • Nickname: "The Powerhouse" - Function: energy formation > breaks down food to make ATP - ATP = the major fuel for all cell activities that require energy Cytoplasm •a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended The End