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Transcript
Cell types Trichomes A Trichome is an epidermal "hair". Trichomes can be singular or multicellular. A major function of the trichome is thought to be in plant defense against insects. Chemicals produced in the glandular tip can deter feeding or the trichome can physically prevent the insect from reaching and feeding on the leaf. Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Look close and you can see the tiny hairs (trichomes) on the back of these tomato flowers. There is some evidence that some types of chemicals produced in tomato trichomes can prevent insect attack. Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Trichomes can appear as singular "hairs" or they can be branched as seen in these two stellate trichomes. Trichome shape is indicative of a particular plant species and has been used in taxonomy to identify plants. Branched trichomes Single trichomes Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Stellate trichomes Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Using an electron microscope you can see the beautiful shapes of trichomes. A trichome without a glandular tip A trichome with a glandular tip Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Trichomes contain many different types of secondary chemical products. Some are useful products like fragrances or flavors as in mints. Trichomes also function to shade the leaf for plants native to hot, arid climates. Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Trichomes grow from epidermal cells and can make striking patterns on leaves and stems like on this begonia leaf. Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Trichomes can also contain irritants that cause rashes in people like this stinging nettles (Urtica dioica). These trichomes actually inject irritating chemicals into the skin when touched causing the “sting”. Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Some plants like this fuzzy Kalanchoe have leaves covered with hairs (trichomes). This may shade the leaf and make it more adapted to a hotter, drier climate. Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes The most specialized trichomes are found in insect eating plants like this sundew (Drosera). The trichomes glisten with exudate that trap and digest the insect (red arrow) while the leave curls around it. Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Tradescantia stamen hairs are large trichomes. Stamen hairs are made of 10 to 30 large cells connected end to end. Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Trichomes are very active cells. In stamen hairs of Tradescantia, it is easy to see this activity. The cellular components move around the cell in strands of cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is in strands that move around the vacuole near the outside of the cell along the cell wall. Back to main biology menu Back Next Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu Cell types Trichomes Cytoplasmic streaming in Tradescantia stamen hairs. Click the image to see the movie. Back to main biology menu Back Back to cell types menu Back to main selection menu