* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Cells - My CCSD
Survey
Document related concepts
Biochemical switches in the cell cycle wikipedia , lookup
Cell encapsulation wikipedia , lookup
Cytoplasmic streaming wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
Cytokinesis wikipedia , lookup
Cell nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Cell Organelles Eukaryotic Cells Cell Parts • Cells – the basic unit of life • Organelles - small structures inside a cell with specific functions. Analogy – City of Rocklin A) Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane Cell membrane 1. Function: Regulates materials entering and exiting the cell. 2. Structure: Two layers of phospholipids, proteins Analogy – Rocklin city limits B) Cytoplasm Cytoplasm 1. Function: All cell contents that lie between the cell membrane and the nucleus. (organelles + cytosol) a. Cytosol = liquid portion/non-organelles. 2. Structure: made up of fluid and organelles except for nucleus Analogy – All air, water, life that are in Rocklin, except City Hall C) Nucleus Nucleus 1. Function: “Control Center.” Regulates DNA & RNA actions. 2. Structure: membrane bound, contains DNA Analogy – City Hall D) Nuclear Envelope Nuclear Envelope 1. Function: Regulates what enters or exits the nucleus. 2. Structure: Double Layer of Lipids Analogy – Walls & Doors of City Hall E) Nucleolus Nucleolus 1. Function: Produces RNA, which are used to make all proteins. 2. Structure: Inside Nucleus, separate from DNA Analogy – The Mayor F) DNA – Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA (chromatin) 1. Function: information on how to make proteins. a. Chromatin – unorganized DNA (normal state) b. Chromosomes – organized DNA (present before cell division 2. Structure: Made up of nucleotides, locked in the nucleus Analogy – The Laws or City Code G) Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough ER Smooth ER 1. Function: Transportation route for proteins. a. Rough ER: has ribosomes b. Smooth ER: no ribosomes 2. Structure: tubes and channels Analogy – Roads & Sidewalks H) Ribosomes Ribosomes Free Ribosomes 1. Function: Makes proteins. 2. Structure: small circular organelles Analogy – Restaurants, Factories, Builders. I) Vacuoles & Vesicles Vesicles 1. Function: Storage for water, nutrients or waste. 2. Structure: small membrane-bound organelle. Analogy – Grocery stores, water tanks. J) Lysosomes Lysosomes 1. Function: packets of enzymes that break down materials in a cell. 2. Structure: Small membrane-bound organelles Analogy – Recycling center K) Mitochondria Mitochondria 1. Function: Produce energy for the cell – site of cellular respiration. “The Powerhouse” 2. Structure: Double membrane-bound, kidney shaped. Analogy – Nevada Power Cells and organelles quiz part 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. __________ are the basic units of life. _______________ are small structures inside a cell with specific functions. The ____________________________ regulates materials entering and exiting a cell. The ____________________________ is made up of two layers of phospholipids and proteins. __________________ is all cell contents that lie between the cell membrane and the nucleus. __________________ is made up of fluids and organelles except the nucleus. The _____________ is the control center of the cell. The nucleus regulates ________ and ________ actions. The _________________________ regulates what enters and leaves the nucleus. The _________________ produces RNA, which are used to make all proteins. DNA stands for _____________________________________. DNA is information on how to make __________________. ________________ is unorganized DNA. ________________ are organized DNA. ________ is made up of nucleotides locked in the nucleus. The ________________________________ is a transportation route for proteins. Rough _____________________________ has ribosomes. Smooth ____________________________ has no ribosomes. ________________ make proteins. ________________ or vesicles are storage for water or waste. _________________ are packets of enzymes that break down materials in a cell. L) Golgi Apparatus Golgi Apparatus 1. Function: Packages, labels and ships proteins out of the cell. 2. Structure: Pancake-shaped layered organelle Analogy – Post Office M) Cytoskeleton Microfilaments Microtubules 1. Function: Provide support and structure for the cell. a. Microfilaments b. Microtubules 2. Structure: Tubules Analogy – Wood, cement, steel beams N) Centrioles (Animals Only) Centrioles 1. Function: microtubules that help divide the cell during cell division. • Structure: Tubules Analogy – Rocklin High School vs. Whitney High School O) Cilia & Flagella Flagella Flagella Cilia 1. Function: provides movement for the cell or objects moving by the cell. 2. Structure: a. Flagella – 1 long fiber b. Cilia – many short fibers Analogy – Cars or bicycles. P) Chloroplasts (Plants only) Chloroplasts 1. Function: site of photosynthesis (converting sun and CO2 into sugar). 2. Structure: Membrane bound organelles that contain chlorophyll Analogy – Solar Panels Q) Cell Wall (Plant cells only) Cell Wall 1. Function: Provides support for the cell and the plant. 2. Structure: Made of cellulose Analogy – ground, rock wall Organelles Quiz 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. The _______________ is the “powerhouse” of the cell. __________________ have two membranes and are kidney shaped. The _____________________ packages, labels, and ships proteins out of the cell. The _____________________ is a pancake-shaped, layered organelle. The ____________________ provides support and structure for the cell. ______________________ are microtubules that help divide the cell during cell division. _________________ and _______________ provide movement for the cell. A _______________ is one long fiber. __________________ are many short fibers. ______________________ are the site of photosynthesis. They are found only in plant cells. ______________________ contain chlorophyll. The __________________ is made of cellulose. They are found only in plant cells.